Syllabus - Università degli Studi della Tuscia

First semester

Course	Credits	Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code	Contact Hours	Exercise Hours	Laboratory Hours	Personal Study Hours	Type of Activity	Optional materials and exam in a foreign language	Language
18189 - Dendrologia (objectives) L'obiettivo del corso è quello di fornire le conoscenze necessarie per il riconoscimento delle specie arboree italiane di cui verranno approfonditi con una trattazione monografica gli aspetti dell'evoluzione, dei cicli biologici ed dell'ecologia. Al termine del corso lo studente dovrà aver acquisito la capacità di applicare i criteri del riconoscimento tassonomico degli alberi di interesse forestale ed essere in grado di di comprendere le esigenenze ambientali e il ruolo ecologico di ciascuna specie nel dinamismo dei popolamenti foestali. Durante il corso gli studenti verranno stimolati a sviluppare autonomia di giudizio, abilità comunicative e capacità di apprendere. - PIOVESAN Gianluca (syllabus) Dendrology: bases of nomenclature and evolution. Concept of species. Diagnostic characters for the identification of forest taxa: the habitus, the posture, the bark, the leaf apparatus, the reproductive apparatus. Variability of diagnostic characters. Hybridization in forest trees. Classifications based on morphology and on a molecular basis. Growth and development of trees. Phenological cycles. Predetermined and indeterminate growth. Reproductive cycles in temperate forests. The longevity of forest trees. Bioclimatology and forest ecoregions. Biodiversity in forest ecosystems. Succession processes and structuring dynamics of forest stands. Old-growth forests and natural levels. Monumental trees and their role in the landscape and nature conservation. Special part Dendrology: monographic treatment of species of forest interest in Europe: taxonomy, habitus, chorology, habitat, cenology, xylology and customary uses. Taxus baccata, Cedrus spp., Larix decidua, Picea abies, Abies alba, Mediterranean firs, Pinus halepensis, P. pinea, P. pinaster, P. nigra, P. heldreichii, P. silvestris, P. mugo, P. uncinata P cembra, Cupressus sempervirens, Juniperus spp., Fagus sylvatica, Castanea sativa, Quercus ilex, Q. coccifera, Q. suber, Q. cerris, Q. macrolepis, Q. trojana, Q. frainetto, Q. pubescens, Q. petraea , Q. robur, Carpinus betulus, C. orientalis, Ostrya carpinifolia, Corylus avellana, Betula pendula, B. pubescens, Alnus cordata, A. glutinosa, A. incana, A. viridis, Populus alba, P. canescens, P. tremula , P. nigra, Salix caprea, S. alba, S. eleagnos, Ulmus minor, U. glabra, Celtis australis, Juglans regia, Tilia cordata, T. platyphyllos, Acer pseudoplatanus, A. platanoides, A. lobelii, A. opalus , A. campestre, A. monspessulanum, Fraxinus ornus, F. excelsior, F. angustifolia, Laburnum anagyroides, Cercis siliquastrum, Ceratonia siliqua, Sorbus torminalis, S. domestica, S. aria, S. aucuparia, Prunus aviu m, Pyrus pyraster and Malus sylvestris. THE MEDITERRANEAN STAIN: distribution, physiognomy, and composition in the main ecological areas (thermo-Mediterranean and meso-Mediterranean region), evolutionary and recessive dynamics (reference books) Gellini R. Grossoni P. - Forest botany, Cedam Trees in Lazio. CD provided by the teacher. Additional educational material from the lectures available on the Moodle platform.	6	AGR/05	48	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA
18190 - Ecologia forestale (objectives) The course aims to provide the basic concepts of ecology with examples and case studies of the Italian and global forest environments. EXPECTED LEARNING OUTCOMES. 1) Knowledge and comprehension: at the end of the course the student will have the necessary tools to analyze the forest ecosystem from an ecological point of view, in particular in relation to the cycles of the elements, the interactions between its components and the study of its characteristics and evolution. 2) Applied knowledge and comprehension: the course will provide the necessary cognitive tools to allow the choice of the most suitable measurement and analysis techniques for the study of the ecosystem according to the aspects to be analyzed (biodiversity, element cycles, ecosystem status, etc.). 3) Autonomy of judgement: once the training course is over, the student will have the tools for a strong autonomy of judgement on issues related to the interaction between forest ecosystems, climate and humans (climate change, natural and anthropogenic disturbances, ecosystem management). 4) Communicative skills: at the end of the training course, the student must demonstrate that he or she is able to communicate and discuss in a concise but effective way the issues dealt with during the course, demonstrating the ability to integrate the knowledge acquired. 5) Ability to learn: at the end of the course the student must have learned the concepts and techniques addressed and know how to define limits and fundamentals. - PAPALE Dario (syllabus) Introduction to the course and ecosystem concept Energy, energy balance and trophic chains Climate and biomes Climate change and ecosystems Biogeochemical cycles (C, water, N, P) Photosynthesis, respiration and their interactions with climate Measurement of greenhouse gases exchanges Ecology of populations Structure, interactions and dynamics of the forest ecosystem Biodiversity Fire as an ecological factor Main forest biomes (reference books) Chapin et al - Principles of Terrestrial Ecosystem Ecology (Sptinger) Kimmins - Forest Ecology (Pearson) Material provided by the teacher	6	AGR/05	48	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA
18197 - Attività formativa a scelta	12		96	-	-	-	Elective activities		ITA
18198 - Tirocinio	4		-	-	-	-	Other activities		ITA
18205 - Analisi e gestione del paesaggio rurale ed urbano
18205-1 - Laboratorio di analisi del paesaggio (objectives) The course aims to provide descriptive and quantitative elements of the main parameters related to the landscape. Furthermore, the application aspect concerning landscape analysis and management is emphasized. - RECANATESI Fabio (syllabus) Cartography concepts. Definitions and concepts aimed at landscape analysis. The morphometric features of the landscape. Analysis of the main IGM cartographic products. The land use map and the Corine Land Cover project. The Regional Landscape Territorial Plan (PTPR) and exploration of the web gis for its consultation. Application of GIS in landscape analysis through laboratory exercises. (reference books) lecture notes. during the course will be provided handouts related to the different topics covered.	6	AGR/10	48	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA

Second semester

Course	Credits	Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code	Contact Hours	Exercise Hours	Laboratory Hours	Personal Study Hours	Type of Activity	Optional materials and exam in a foreign language	Language
18191 - Dendrometria ed elementi di assestamento forestale (objectives) At the end of the course the student will be able to: a) describe the principles of operation and the use of the main dendrometric instruments; b) illustrate the methods of measuring the diameter and height of a tree or a sample of trees in the context of the forest; c) set out the procedures for the elaboration of dendrometric measurements that allow the quantitative evaluation of the main characteristics of a forest stand: species composition, density, site fertility, age, structure, wood volume, yield and productivity; d) know the objectives of a forest management plan and the main parts of which it is composed. Through practical activities in forest and in the computer room the student will learn how to perform: the delimitation of a sample area, the measurement of the diameters of the trees and of the relative height, numbering tests angular, the extraction of woody cores. He will also be able to process the measurements carried out using a spreadsheet software in order to estimate dendrometric variables. The acquired knowledge will enable the student to choose, based on the objectives of the survey and the type of forest, the dendrometric instruments to be used for the various measures to be performed and the consequent procedures for processing the data collected. At the end of the course, the student will be able to draw up a report that illustrates with text, tables and graphs the methods of survey and the characteristics of the forest stand where he carried out the measurements. The set of activities carried out in the course will allow the student to be aware of the role that dendrometry plays in supporting silviculture and forest management. - PORTOGHESI Luigi (syllabus) Definition and goals of dendrometry The importance of sampling in dendrometry Sampling of tree dimeter - dendrometric caliper - shape and size of sampling plots - plot delimitation Measurement of stands: number of stems, basal area, mean diameter, top diameter Diameter distribution in classes Stand height - Blume Leiss hypsometer, Vertex hypsometer, forest clinometer: trigonometric principles and how to you use them - sampling criteria for tree height - modelling height-diameter curve: graphic and analitical methods - mean height, top height - height-diameter ratio Stand volume: - stereometric geometry: dendrometric prototypes - sectionwise measurements on felled trees: Huber formula, Smalian formula, Heyer formula, trapezium rule - tree volume tables and equation: how to use them - equations with one (dbh) or two (dbh, height) predictor variables - absolute and false form factor; general formula to calculate tree volume by sample tree - sample trees selection methods - volume of stacked wood - bark percentage Direct and indirect tree age estimation. - angle count sampling theory - Bitterlich relascope - choice of basal area factor - point sampling with and without measurement of diameter of counted trees Tree and stand growth - yield curve of even-aged stands; auxology rules - annual, average and percentage increment - yield tables - growth of uneven-aged stands Measurement of stand growth: general formula; Pressler formula; Schneider formula Growth estimation from successive forest inventories Introduction to forest planning - definition and goals of forest planning - role of forest owner and other stakeholders - contents of a forest plan - forest compartments - forest map of planned area. (reference books) Kershaw J.A., Ducey M.J., Beers T.W., Hursh B, 2017 - Forest mensuration, Fifth edition. John Wiley & Sons.	6	AGR/05	48	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA
18193 - Selvicoltura - SCHIRONE Bartolomeo	6	AGR/05	48	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA
18315 - Biochimica e chimica del suolo - ASTOLFI Stefania	6	AGR/13	38	-	10	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA
18188 - Meccanizzazione forestale (objectives) The aim of the course is to introduce the technology of forestry machinery and engines in its constructive, functional and operational aspects. - MONARCA Danilo (syllabus) The aim of the course is to introduce the technology of the machines used in the forestry sector in its constructive, functional and operational aspects. 1. Historical development of forest mechanization. 2. Physics applications applied to machines. Passive forces (friction and rolling resistance, drag, internal friction, flexible organs resistance). Thermodynamics, temperature and heat, specific heat, heat transfer. 3. Technical characteristics of forestry machines (endothermic engines, mechanical and hydraulic transmissions, tires, steering and control organs, tool connection systems, machine safety, ergonomics). 4. Proper use of machines (grip, slip control, soil constraint, traction forces). 5. Measuring work and loss times, performances, operating costs, cost-benefit analysis. 6. Tractors, chain saws, winches, shredders, harvesters, soil tillage machines, Harvesting machines for tree crops. 7. Notes on the applications of D.Lgs. 81/08 Title IV (Temporary or mobile works) and Legislative Decree 17/2010 (new machinery directive). 8. Work Safety Elements (A RSPP Module) - Legislative Decree 81. Obligations for farms and Employers. (reference books) Dispense del corso scaricabili online dal portale di Ateneo. https://moodle.unitus.it/moodle/course/view.php?id=79 Per approfondimenti sulla parte teorica: M. Lazzari, F. Mazzetto – Meccanica e meccanizzazione dei processi produttivi agricoli. Reda, Torino, 2016 L. Bodria, G. Pellizzi, P. Piccarolo – Meccanica e meccanizzazione agricola. Edagricole, Milano, 2013. P. Biondi - Meccanica Agraria. Le macchine agricole. UTET, Torino, 1999 (fuori commercio, reperibile in biblioteca)	6	AGR/09	48	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA
18192 - Ingegneria delle acque e del territorio
18192-1 - Sistemazioni idraulico forestali (objectives) The course deals with the main aspects concerning the management of hydrographic basins. In particular, the fundamental hydrological, hydraulic and erosive processes occurring at basin scale are analyzed. - Apollonio Ciro (syllabus) Part 1 Introduction to the course Historical notes on hydraulic-forestry arrangements Regulatory aspects Part 2 Notes on the physical properties of water Fundamental principles of hydraulics Part 3 Definition of River Basin Basin hydrology Soil erosion Flooding Part 4 Nature based solutions for hydraulic risk reduction (reference books) References: 1- lecturer's notes 2- pdf files of the presented Power Point 3- Ferro V. – La sistemazione dei bacini idrografici, Mc Graw Hill, II ed., 2006.	6	AGR/08	48	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA
18192-2 - Costruzioni forestali e rilievo del territorio - Marucci Alvaro (syllabus) Construction Science Generalities on elastic bodies, Hooke's law; real behavior of bodies under load; coefficients of resistance and safety. Simple and Compound Solicitations: Solicitations simple structures with straight axis; diagrams of tensions; solids loaded tip. Theory of beams: constraints; load mode; diagrams of the bending moment and shear; calculation and verification of isostatic beams. Snow load, wind load. Method semi-probabilistic limit state. The laminated wood. Design and verification of reinforced concrete structures. Land survey Reference surfaces, sphericity error. Theodolite: grinding conditions and construction, rule Bessel, commissioning station. Distance measurement, measurement of the azimuthal angles. Intersection forward, inverse intersection, opening to the ground. Polygonal open simple, open between two known points, open between four known points, closed polygonal. Elevation of point. The elevation difference between two points. Levels, geometric leveling, leveling with total station. (reference books) Lecture notes and teaching material provided by the teacher during the course	6	AGR/10	48	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA
18205 - Analisi e gestione del paesaggio rurale ed urbano
18205-2 - Gestione del verde (objectives) The course has the following objectives: 1) to give the basic knowledge of agronomy for a rational management of green areas; 2) to give the basic theoretical and practical information for the identification of turfgrass species; 3) to give the needed abilities for the establishment and management of a green areas - RUGGERI Roberto (syllabus) Teaching activity will face the following topics: - Uses, functions and benefits of urban green spaces; - The basics of agronomy; - Establishment and management techniques of green areas; - Weed control; - Turfgrasses (reference books) Luigi Giardini, L`Agronomia per conservare il futuro (Pàtron, 2012); Remigio Baldoni, Luigi Giardini. Coltivazioni erbacee - Foraggere e tappeti erbosi. Pagg. 335-396. Patron ed., 2002. Lesson notes	6	AGR/02	48	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA

First semester

Course	Credits	Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code	Contact Hours	Exercise Hours	Laboratory Hours	Personal Study Hours	Type of Activity	Optional materials and exam in a foreign language	Language
18195 - Tecnologie forestali (objectives) The course is held in Italian EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES Basic knowledge on the formation of woody tissues, on the anatomical structure, on the micro and macroscopic characteristics of wood. Knowledge of the chemical, physical and mechanical properties of wood, of the main products and manufacturing processes. Brief references to forest uses - LO MONACO Angela (syllabus) The course is held in Italian Microscopic characteristics of wood. Organization of xylem tissues in the stem. Description of the cellular elements (tracheids, tracheas, fibers, parenchyma, epithelial cells, channels and intercellular spaces). Chemical composition and ultrastructure of wood (outline). Elemental chemical composition, organic components, ultrastructural architecture of the wall, effects of chemical constituents and the ultra-structure on the properties of wood. Use of keys for the microscopic recognition of the taxon closest to the specific one Macroscopic characteristics of wood. Fundamental anatomical sections. Sapwood and heartwood. Color. Large anatomical elements. Grain, design, texture, shine, other organoleptic characteristics. Use of keys for macroscopic recognition of the taxon closest to the specific one Variations in the structure of the wood. Variations within a tree, horizontal, vertical, between different trees of the same species. Notes on wood of branches and roots. Defects and anomalies of round and sawn wood Growth anomalies. Anomalies in the anatomical constitution of the stems (reaction wood, chives, resin pockets). Color anomalies. Anomalies due to aging. Defects from abnormal cellular content and extractives. Defects in the shape of the arboreal stems, curvature, irregular and eccentric sections, protuberances, tapering. Knots. Marrow. Biological alterations from bacteria, fungi, insects and other animals. Growth rate. Frost cracks, lightning strikes, top breaking, felling tear, incorrect limbing. Foreign bodies incorporated, natural (concretions) or of other origin. Defects of the sawn timber present at the origin or induced by processing. Alterations to the wood (notes) Abiotic factors. Biotic factors (Bacteria, Fungi, Higher plants, Insects, Marine organisms, other animals). Fire wood relationships. Upper and lower calorific value. Combustion. Carbonization. Fire resistant Test methods, classifications, physical and mechanical characteristics. Technical regulations. Standards and regulatory bodies. Types of evidence. Sampling. Test conditions. Sample size. Structural wood Density Direct determination. Sampling. Factors affecting the density. Density variations. Relations between water and wood. Hygroscopicity. Saturation water and imbibition water. Wood moisture measurement. Moisture in the tree. Air humidity Properties of air-vapor mixtures. Relative humidity measurement. Wood moisture Desorption and adsorption. Maximum moisture content. Moisture content under constant atmospheric conditions. Cell wall saturation point. Moisture content in variable atmospheric conditions. Dimensional variations. Shrinkage and swelling. Factors affecting shrinkage and swelling. Anisotropy of shrinkage and swelling. Determination of shrinkage and swelling. Consequences of dimensional variations. Round and sawn assortments. Mechanical properties of wood Types of stresses. Resistance to compression, traction, bending, shear, impact, penetration or hardness, wear Elementary woodworking, hints. Machining with or without chip removal. Wood characteristics relevant for processing. Band saws, reciprocating and circular, with chain. Sheeters and sheeters Sawn timber Raw material and products. Organization of a sawmill. Production techniques (sawing performance, cutting systems and methods, technological defects). Plants and production lay-out. Seasoning in the air. Factors that influence seasoning. Stacks. Artificial drying. Correction of drying defects. Notes on preservative treatments Notes on derivatives. Peeled, sliced, panels In addition to this program, inserted in May 2017 without anyone having objected, on 30/9/2019 I also insert also the topic Outlines of forest uses, at the explicit verbal request of the President of the CCS SFN. I reiterate that for a better understanding of the topic added up to now, it is recommended to follow the specific course offered in another curriculum. (reference books) Lo Monaco – Gli appunti dalle lezioni sono utili quale traccia per lo studio dei diversi argomenti sui testi consigliati: G. BONAMINI, L. UZIELLI, R. ZANUTTINI - Elementi di Tecnologia del legno e Utilizzazioni forestali Vol. I Dispensa pubblicata dal Servizio Stamperia e Fotoriproduzione dell'Università degli Studi di Trento, rev. 1996. Disponibile pdf gratuito. R. NARDI BERTI R., La struttura anatomica del legno ed il riconoscimento dei legnami italiani di più corrente impiego. Contributi scientifico pratici per una migliore conoscenza e utilizzazione del legno. CNR IRL. (in Biblioteca, privilegiare l’ultima edizione) Anselmi N. Govi G. Patologia del legno 1996 Edagricole. Disponibile in Biblioteca G. TSOUMIS - Science and Technology of wood. Chapman Hall - New York. G.GIORDANO - Tecnologia del legno vol. I , II e III – UTET (in Biblioteca) A. CRIVELLARO F.H. SCHWEINGRUBER - Stem anatomical features of Dicotyledons. Pdf scaricabile gratuitamente . http://www.forestrybooks.com/ H. GÄRTNER F. H. SCHWEINGRUBER – Microscopic Preparation Techniques for Plant Stem Analysis Pdf scaricabile gratuitamente . http://www.forestrybooks.com/ Berti S, Nocetti M, Sozzi L, 2013. I difetti del legno. Compagnia delle foreste. pp 74 (in biblioteca) BONAMINI G., G. GIORDANO 1997 - Antologia del legno - Vol. 1 e 2. Ed. Consorzio LEGNOLEGNO, Reggio Emilia. C. POLLINI (a cura di) 2006 Manuale per la classificazione visuale qualitativa del legno tondo di abete rosso, abete bianco e larice. Pdf gratuitamente scaricabile: http://www.legnotrentino.it/documenti/Manuale_classificazione_legno_tondo.pdf A. Gambetta 2010 Funghi e insetti nel legno Diagnosi, Prevenzione, Cura. Nardini editore (disponibile in biblioteca) Dalprà M. 2007 Degrado biotico del legno : riconoscimento e metodi di lotta. (disponibile in biblioteca)	6	AGR/06	48	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA
18199 - Prova finale	5		-	-	-	-	Final examination and foreign language test		ITA
18207 - Risorse ed energie rinnovabili
18207-1 - Energie rinnovabili (objectives) The course aims to provide the students with the knowledge regarding energy national and European rules and energy conversion technologies with particular focus on renewable energy sources and energy efficiency. - VILLARINI Mauro (syllabus) Energy cycle: primary and secondary energy sources. Pollution and pollutant emissions. Environmental impacted of energy systems. National and European rules regarding renewable energy sources and energy efficiency. Fuels and environmental impact. Biomasses: definition and categories; biomass conversion processes (termochemical and biochemical). Energy characterization of biomasses. Anaerobic digestion: process and systems technologies. Gasification: process and systems technologies. Solar thermal and its applications, photovoltaic, wind energy, hydroelectric energy. Biofuels. Energy efficiency. Energy recovery. CHP and CCHP. Heat pumps. Geothermal energy. Life cycle assessment. (reference books) Lecture notes of the professor Sistemi a biomasse. Impianti di generazione calore, elettricità e biometano - Bocci E. Caffarelli A, D'amato Alessio, Di Carlo A., Villarini M. - Maggioli editore	6	ING-IND/09	48	-	-	-	Related or supplementary learning activities	-	ITA
18207-2 - Utilizzazioni forestali (objectives) EROGATO ESCLUSIVAMENTE IN ITALIANO vedi sopra a) OBIETTIVI FORMATIVI Il corso mira all’acquisizione di conoscenze avanzate rivolte all’effettiva applicazione di progetti selvicolturali. In particolare attraverso la scienza delle Utilizzazioni forestali si forniranno le basi per applicare una gestione forestale sostenibile. Inoltre verranno forniti i criteri per la gestione dei sistemi agro-forestali rivolti alla produzione di biomassa legnosa a scopi energetici. b) RISULTATI DI APPRENDIMENTO ATTESI Al termine dell’insegnamento gli studenti dovranno essere in grado di: 1) conoscere i principi legislativi e tecnici che regolano le utilizzazioni forestali in Italia e all’estero; 2) analizzare un progetto selvicolturale e renderlo esecutivo attraverso le tecniche scaturite dalle utilizzazioni forestali a basso impatto; 3) saper operare in autonomia nel valutare la corretta esecuzione delle utilizzazioni forestali eseguite nell’ambito di un progetto di taglio; 4) acquisire capacità comunicative a livello tecnico e scientifico, rivolte a presentare propriamente i propri argomenti o esprimere valutazioni su casi concreti. 5) avere le capacità di saper cercare ed apprendere le innovazioni scientifiche e tecnologiche rivolte al settore delle utilizzazioni forestali, facendo uso di banche dati nazionali ed internazionali ufficialmente riconosciute. - PICCHIO Rodolfo (syllabus) EROGATO ESCLUSIVAMENTE IN ITALIANO vedi sopra c) PROGRAMMA Tecnologie per le operazioni forestali ambientalmente compatibili. Efficiente uso delle risorse quali energia, acqua, risorse umane. Minimizzazione della produzione globale di residui e di emissioni, Minimizzazione degli impatti alle strutture forestali e alle funzioni ambientali. In particolare questi criteri per una gestione forestale sostenibile attraverso le utilizzazioni forestali, verranno differenziati in funzione delle varie forme di governo (fustaia, ceduo, ceduo composto), di trattamento e delle varie tipologie di cure colturali. Cantieri di gestione del bosco ceduo: ceduo semplice, matricinato, ceduo a sterzo. Cantieri di gestione del bosco ceduo composto: principali parametri, vantaggi e svantaggi. Cantieri di conversione dei cedui in fustaia. Conversione per evoluzione naturale, metodo indiretto, metodo diretto. Le trasformazioni. Cantieri di gestione del bosco nelle aree protette: selvicoltura a basso impatto ambientale; ricomposizione e ricostituzione boschiva. Inoltre nel complesso verranno fornite le basi per rendere possibile la quantificazione e qualificazione delle attività di utilizzazione forestale, attraverso i più comuni protocolli armonizzati per lo studio dei lavori forestali. Nello specifico gli argomenti trattati saranno: studio dei tempi di lavoro e produttività, studio dei costi di utilizzazione, studio dei bilanci energetici dei cantieri forestali, studio degli impatti al suolo e soprassuolo delle utilizzazioni. (reference books) - Dispense del corso caricate dal docente sulla piattaforma Moodle. - Verani S., Sperandio G., Picchio R., Savelli S., La raccolta della biomassa forestale. Tecniche, economia e sicurezza sul lavoro. Monterotondo (Roma): Grafica Salaria, 2009, vol. 1, p. 50.	6	AGR/06	48	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA
18208 - Sicurezza e antinfortunistica nel settore agroforestale (objectives) ------ -------------------- - Colantoni Andrea (syllabus) ---------------------	6	AGR/09	48	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA

Second semester

Course	Credits	Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code	Contact Hours	Exercise Hours	Laboratory Hours	Personal Study Hours	Type of Activity	Optional materials and exam in a foreign language	Language
18196 - Monitoraggio e difesa forestale e ambientale
18196-1 - Patologia forestale (objectives) To train the students on: general concepts of Plant Pathology with specific reference to forest ecosystems, urban forestry, nurseries, and plantations; ii) description of the main diseases of forest species at national and European level. - VANNINI Andrea (syllabus) Introduzione al corso; La Patologia Forestale e i suoi ambiti; Concetto di malattia e di danno; agenti di malattia biotici e abiotici; triangolo della malattia, classificazione delle malattie; introduzione alla sintomatologia. La Sintomatologia; classificazione dei sintomi; scale diagrammatiche di malattia; indici di malattia: incidenza, severità, mortalità; calcolo degli indici di malattia; uso degli indici di malattia per valutare stato, gravità e distribuzione in un popolamento forestale; esempio di interazione tra entomologia e patologia forestale: l'ambrosia beetle Xylosandrus compactus. Ipertrofie e iper plasie; alterazione dei processi: fotosintesi; respirazione; trasporto; riproduzione; trascrizione; Il ciclo della Malattia: svernamento; inoculo primario; disseminazione; inoculazione; attivazione; adesione del patogeno all'ospite; penetrazione passiva e attiva; infezione; colonizzazione apoplastica/simplastica, biotrofica/necrotrofica; evasione del patogeno. Meccanismi di difesa: sfuggenza, tolleranza, resistenza. Resistenza passiva e attiva, morfologica e chimica. Sistema elicitori recettori. La VTA, concetti e utilizzo in ambito urbano; sistemi di classificazione; esercitazioni pratiche su applicazione VTA. Il procedimento diagnostico: anamnesi e diagnosi di campo, fasi del procedimento diagnostico in campo. Casi applicativi: ambrosia beetles e funghi associati; cancro corticale del castagno; mal dell'inchiostro del castagno. Il concetto di sterilità; terreni di crescita, autoclave, cappa a flusso laminare. Il Postulati di Koch, esempio applicativo. Introduzione alla Micologia; il tallo fungino; ecologia dei funghi: simbionti, saprotrofi. I funghi come patogeni di piante, animali, uomo e altri microrganismi; la cellula fungina, nucleo, citoplasma e organuli, la parete cellulare. Il ciclo biologico dei funghi; germinazione della spora; accrescimento ifale; tropismo; colonizzazione necrotrofica e biotrofica; strutture vegetative. Esercitazioni pratiche di osservazione microscopica strutture fungine. Diagnostica biologica: osservazione e dissezione di materiale sintomatico; sterilizzazione e piastramento in cappa a flusso laminare; allestimento camera umida. I corpi fruttiferi; fasi nucleari; inquadramento tassonomico; Glomeromycota; Chytridiomycota; Mucoromycotina; generalità su Ascomycota: tallo vegetativo, riproduzione sessuata (pleomorfismo, telomorfo e anamorfo; gametangiogamia; aschi e ascospore) e asessuata (i conidi); corpi fruttiferi del telomorfo (apotecio, peritecio, cleistotecio, pseudotecio); corpi fruttiferi dell'anamorfo (acervulo, picnidio); tassonomia. Introduzione ai Basidiomycota; tallo vegetativo; riproduzione sessuata (somatogamia; basidi e basidiospore); corpi fruttiferi (angiocarpo; gimnocarpo; emiangiocarpo); ordine Uredinales, forme riproduttive e ciclo; Basidiomycetes, Holobasidiomycetes e Phragmobasidiomycetes. Oomycetes: generalità, biologia e tassonomia. Parte speciale: la moria dei semenzali (agenti causali, sintomatologia, epidemiologia, metodi di controllo). I mal bianchi: introduzione e inquadramento tassonimico; i Mal Bianchi delle querce, nocciolo, platano, pioppo (agenti causali, sintomatologia, ciclo, epidemiologia, metodi di controllo). Le taphrine: introduzione e inquadramento tassonomico; agenti causali; sintomi; ciclo; epidemiologia). Introduzione alle ruggini; le ruggini delle piante forestali: tassonomia, ciclo della malattia, epidemiologia: le ruggini vescicolose dei rami di pino; la ruggine curvatrice dei rami di pino; le ruggini dei pioppi; e ruggini vescicolose degli aghi dell'abete rosso, abete bianco e douglasia; le ruggini del ginepro; gli scopazzi dell'abete bianco. Le malattie fogliari: ciclo, epidemiologia; necrosi degli aghi di pino (Lophodermium sp.,Phacidium sp., Dothistroma sp.); le necrosi fogliari delle latifoglie; le antracnosi (platano, noce frassino), Il disseccamento dei germogli e dei coni del pino (Sphaeropsis sapinea). Le tracheomicosi: generalità e ciclo; la Grafiosi dell'olmo; il cancro colorato del platano;le verticillosi. I cancri a bersaglio: cancri da nectria e cancro del larice. I cancri diffusi: il cancro del cipresso; cancro corticale del castagno I marciumi radicali: Armillaria, Heterobasidion e Phytophthora (reference books) Slides (in ppt downloadable); Elementi di Patologia Forestale (Paolo Capretti e Alessandro ragazzi - Patron Editore)	6	AGR/12	48	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA
18196-2 - Entomologia forestale - SPERANZA Stefano (syllabus) 1. GENERAL ENTOMOLOGY Generalities about insects; external morphology; nervous system and sense organs; digestive system; circulatory system; secretion and excretion system; reproductive system; pheromones; post-embryonic development; moults; metamorphoses; means of population control: biological, agronomic, cultural, physical, mechanical, chemical. Modern inorganic and organic active ingredients. Microbiological insecticides. Phytotoxicity; Penetration mode and mechanisms of action of insecticides; Selectivity; Human toxicity; Resistance; Legislation; Biological control; Intervention thresholds; Integrated control (IPM). 2. FOREST ENTOMOLOGY (reference books) Copies of the slides shown during the lessons, integrated with lesson notes and/or books and publications: Battisti A. et. al. 2013. Lineamenti di Entomologia Forestale. Padova University Press - A.Pollini, 2002. Manuale di Entomologia Applicata. Ed agricole, Bologna.	6	AGR/11	48	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA
18194 - Forestry and enviromental economics and appraisal (objectives) Develop knowledge and skills related to the economy applied to the forestry sector and the environment. The course is aimed at understanding: a) the basic elements of the economy; b) the economic interpretation keys relating to the management of natural resources and environmental resources; c) the functioning of the sector, the markets in which it operates and some policies that influence it; d) the basic principles and techniques of forest and environmental evaluation. The objective is to develop in students the ability to: autonomously interpret the economic processes that influence the sector and the environment in which one operates; assess the economic sustainability of forest enterprises and the validity of the investments made in them; develop simple forestry estimates. Ultimately, it is intended to train a graduate able to operate in productive activities that are carried out in the forest-wood-mobile system both in the enterprise and in the professional activity. - SEVERINI Simone	7	AGR/01	56	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA

Teachings extracurricular: (hide)

118260 - Difesa incendi in ambito euromediterraneo - Derived from 18210 Inventari e difesa delle foreste in SCIENZE DELLE FORESTE E DELLA NATURA L-25 (docente da definire)	6	AGR/05	48	-	-	-	-	ITA
118261 - Geomatica e inventari forestali - Derived from 18210 Inventari e difesa delle foreste in SCIENZE DELLE FORESTE E DELLA NATURA L-25 (docente da definire)	6	AGR/05	48	-	-	-	-	ITA
118621 - Genetica forestale - Derived from 18201 Genetica forestale e conservazione della biodiversità forestale in SCIENZE DELLE FORESTE E DELLA NATURA L-25 (docente da definire)	6	AGR/07	48	-	-	-	-	ITA

Teachings extracurricular: (hide)

118274 - Energie rinnovabili - Derived from 18207 Risorse ed energie rinnovabili in SCIENZE DELLE FORESTE E DELLA NATURA L-25 (docente da definire)	6	ING-IND/09	48	-	-	-	-	ITA
118260 - Difesa incendi in ambito euromediterraneo - Derived from 18210 Inventari e difesa delle foreste in SCIENZE DELLE FORESTE E DELLA NATURA L-25 (docente da definire)	6	AGR/05	48	-	-	-	-	ITA
118261 - Geomatica e inventari forestali - Derived from 18210 Inventari e difesa delle foreste in SCIENZE DELLE FORESTE E DELLA NATURA L-25 (docente da definire)	6	AGR/05	48	-	-	-	-	ITA

First semester

Course	Credits	Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code	Contact Hours	Exercise Hours	Laboratory Hours	Personal Study Hours	Type of Activity	Optional materials and exam in a foreign language	Language
18189 - Dendrologia (objectives) L'obiettivo del corso è quello di fornire le conoscenze necessarie per il riconoscimento delle specie arboree italiane di cui verranno approfonditi con una trattazione monografica gli aspetti dell'evoluzione, dei cicli biologici ed dell'ecologia. Al termine del corso lo studente dovrà aver acquisito la capacità di applicare i criteri del riconoscimento tassonomico degli alberi di interesse forestale ed essere in grado di di comprendere le esigenenze ambientali e il ruolo ecologico di ciascuna specie nel dinamismo dei popolamenti foestali. Durante il corso gli studenti verranno stimolati a sviluppare autonomia di giudizio, abilità comunicative e capacità di apprendere. - PIOVESAN Gianluca (syllabus) Dendrology: bases of nomenclature and evolution. Concept of species. Diagnostic characters for the identification of forest taxa: the habitus, the posture, the bark, the leaf apparatus, the reproductive apparatus. Variability of diagnostic characters. Hybridization in forest trees. Classifications based on morphology and on a molecular basis. Growth and development of trees. Phenological cycles. Predetermined and indeterminate growth. Reproductive cycles in temperate forests. The longevity of forest trees. Bioclimatology and forest ecoregions. Biodiversity in forest ecosystems. Succession processes and structuring dynamics of forest stands. Old-growth forests and natural levels. Monumental trees and their role in the landscape and nature conservation. Special part Dendrology: monographic treatment of species of forest interest in Europe: taxonomy, habitus, chorology, habitat, cenology, xylology and customary uses. Taxus baccata, Cedrus spp., Larix decidua, Picea abies, Abies alba, Mediterranean firs, Pinus halepensis, P. pinea, P. pinaster, P. nigra, P. heldreichii, P. silvestris, P. mugo, P. uncinata P cembra, Cupressus sempervirens, Juniperus spp., Fagus sylvatica, Castanea sativa, Quercus ilex, Q. coccifera, Q. suber, Q. cerris, Q. macrolepis, Q. trojana, Q. frainetto, Q. pubescens, Q. petraea , Q. robur, Carpinus betulus, C. orientalis, Ostrya carpinifolia, Corylus avellana, Betula pendula, B. pubescens, Alnus cordata, A. glutinosa, A. incana, A. viridis, Populus alba, P. canescens, P. tremula , P. nigra, Salix caprea, S. alba, S. eleagnos, Ulmus minor, U. glabra, Celtis australis, Juglans regia, Tilia cordata, T. platyphyllos, Acer pseudoplatanus, A. platanoides, A. lobelii, A. opalus , A. campestre, A. monspessulanum, Fraxinus ornus, F. excelsior, F. angustifolia, Laburnum anagyroides, Cercis siliquastrum, Ceratonia siliqua, Sorbus torminalis, S. domestica, S. aria, S. aucuparia, Prunus aviu m, Pyrus pyraster and Malus sylvestris. THE MEDITERRANEAN STAIN: distribution, physiognomy, and composition in the main ecological areas (thermo-Mediterranean and meso-Mediterranean region), evolutionary and recessive dynamics (reference books) Gellini R. Grossoni P. - Forest botany, Cedam Trees in Lazio. CD provided by the teacher. Additional educational material from the lectures available on the Moodle platform.	6	AGR/05	48	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA
18190 - Ecologia forestale (objectives) The course aims to provide the basic concepts of ecology with examples and case studies of the Italian and global forest environments. EXPECTED LEARNING OUTCOMES. 1) Knowledge and comprehension: at the end of the course the student will have the necessary tools to analyze the forest ecosystem from an ecological point of view, in particular in relation to the cycles of the elements, the interactions between its components and the study of its characteristics and evolution. 2) Applied knowledge and comprehension: the course will provide the necessary cognitive tools to allow the choice of the most suitable measurement and analysis techniques for the study of the ecosystem according to the aspects to be analyzed (biodiversity, element cycles, ecosystem status, etc.). 3) Autonomy of judgement: once the training course is over, the student will have the tools for a strong autonomy of judgement on issues related to the interaction between forest ecosystems, climate and humans (climate change, natural and anthropogenic disturbances, ecosystem management). 4) Communicative skills: at the end of the training course, the student must demonstrate that he or she is able to communicate and discuss in a concise but effective way the issues dealt with during the course, demonstrating the ability to integrate the knowledge acquired. 5) Ability to learn: at the end of the course the student must have learned the concepts and techniques addressed and know how to define limits and fundamentals. - PAPALE Dario (syllabus) Introduction to the course and ecosystem concept Energy, energy balance and trophic chains Climate and biomes Climate change and ecosystems Biogeochemical cycles (C, water, N, P) Photosynthesis, respiration and their interactions with climate Measurement of greenhouse gases exchanges Ecology of populations Structure, interactions and dynamics of the forest ecosystem Biodiversity Fire as an ecological factor Main forest biomes (reference books) Chapin et al - Principles of Terrestrial Ecosystem Ecology (Sptinger) Kimmins - Forest Ecology (Pearson) Material provided by the teacher	6	AGR/05	48	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA
18197 - Attività formativa a scelta	12		96	-	-	-	Elective activities		ITA
18198 - Tirocinio	4		-	-	-	-	Other activities		ITA
18201 - Genetica forestale e conservazione della biodiversità forestale
18201-1 - Genetica forestale (objectives) Get the basic concepts to understand the hereditary mechanisms and genetic bases useful in the evolution of populations and in the management and protection of mountainous and non-mountainous territory. - PAGNOTTA Mario augusto (syllabus) Cell cycle and divisions; Chromosome bases of inheritance; Ontogenetic cycles; Determining sex; Mendel's Experiments; Multiple alleles, dominance coding, genetic interactions; Genetic maps; Chemical composition and structure of nucleic acids; Structure of the chromosome; Central dogma; DNA Replication; Transcription, role of regulatory sequences, (exons, introns); Genetic code; Translation and protein synthesis; Gene, chromosomal and genomic mutations; Adjustment of gene expression; Quantitative genetics; Inheritance in the broad sense and in the strict sense, response to selection; Population genetics, Hardy and Weinberg equilibrium; Evolutionary factors: mutations, gene flow, selection and genetic deriva; Their action on Hardy and Weinberg equilibrium. (reference books) Genetica agraria. Genetica e bitecnologie per l'agricoltura di Franco Lorenzetti, Salvatore Ceccarelli, Daniele Rosellini e F. Veronesi (31 dic. 2012) Griffiths A.J.F, Miller JH, Suzuki DT, Lewontin RC, Gelbart WM, (2002) Genetica: principi di analisi formale. Ed. Zanichelli, Bologna. ISBN 978-88-08-17590-8.	6	AGR/07	48	-	-	-	Related or supplementary learning activities	-	ITA
18201-2 - Conservazione della biodiversità forestale (objectives) To improve knowledge and awareness on the bases of biological diversity and forest ecosystems, with special attention on analyses, monitoring and conservation issues - SIMEONE Marco Cosimo (syllabus) Definition of biodiversity species, genes and ecosystems Biodiversity hotspots. The Mediterranean biome. Italian region. Biodiversity products and services. Resilience Agro-biodiversity and Forest Biodiversity Regulamentation Species diversity Evolution Species, range, population concepts Taxonomy Phylogeny Autoctony, adaptation. Provenances, clines, ecotypes, varieties, subspecies Endemic, rare and threatened forest species Alpha- Beta-, Gamma- diversity Ecosystem diversity Ecological functioning and attributes of the forest ecosystem Natura2000 network Old-growth populations and monumental trees Disjoint and marginal populations Glacial refugia and hybrid zones Genetic diversity Forest genetic resources Environment, genotype and phenotype Genetic variation in forest populations Factors of genetic variation QTL Neutral markers (morphological, biochemical and molecular) DNA barcoding. Phylogenetic Diversity Index (PDI) Threats Soil consumption, fragmentation, pollution, fires, wild fauna, grazing, silvicolture Genetic bottlenecks, alien species, genetic pollution Global change Conservation General indications In situ strategies: National parks, reserves, Seed sources, Gene Conservation units Ex situ strategies: Germplasm banks, DNA banks, Clonal archives, collections Nurseries Regulamentation on germplasm transfer (reference books) R. Cazzolla Gatti (2014) Biodiversità in teoria e in pratica (Edizioni Liberia Universitaria)	6	AGR/05	48	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA

Second semester

Course	Credits	Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code	Contact Hours	Exercise Hours	Laboratory Hours	Personal Study Hours	Type of Activity	Optional materials and exam in a foreign language	Language
18191 - Dendrometria ed elementi di assestamento forestale (objectives) At the end of the course the student will be able to: a) describe the principles of operation and the use of the main dendrometric instruments; b) illustrate the methods of measuring the diameter and height of a tree or a sample of trees in the context of the forest; c) set out the procedures for the elaboration of dendrometric measurements that allow the quantitative evaluation of the main characteristics of a forest stand: species composition, density, site fertility, age, structure, wood volume, yield and productivity; d) know the objectives of a forest management plan and the main parts of which it is composed. Through practical activities in forest and in the computer room the student will learn how to perform: the delimitation of a sample area, the measurement of the diameters of the trees and of the relative height, numbering tests angular, the extraction of woody cores. He will also be able to process the measurements carried out using a spreadsheet software in order to estimate dendrometric variables. The acquired knowledge will enable the student to choose, based on the objectives of the survey and the type of forest, the dendrometric instruments to be used for the various measures to be performed and the consequent procedures for processing the data collected. At the end of the course, the student will be able to draw up a report that illustrates with text, tables and graphs the methods of survey and the characteristics of the forest stand where he carried out the measurements. The set of activities carried out in the course will allow the student to be aware of the role that dendrometry plays in supporting silviculture and forest management. - PORTOGHESI Luigi (syllabus) Definition and goals of dendrometry The importance of sampling in dendrometry Sampling of tree dimeter - dendrometric caliper - shape and size of sampling plots - plot delimitation Measurement of stands: number of stems, basal area, mean diameter, top diameter Diameter distribution in classes Stand height - Blume Leiss hypsometer, Vertex hypsometer, forest clinometer: trigonometric principles and how to you use them - sampling criteria for tree height - modelling height-diameter curve: graphic and analitical methods - mean height, top height - height-diameter ratio Stand volume: - stereometric geometry: dendrometric prototypes - sectionwise measurements on felled trees: Huber formula, Smalian formula, Heyer formula, trapezium rule - tree volume tables and equation: how to use them - equations with one (dbh) or two (dbh, height) predictor variables - absolute and false form factor; general formula to calculate tree volume by sample tree - sample trees selection methods - volume of stacked wood - bark percentage Direct and indirect tree age estimation. - angle count sampling theory - Bitterlich relascope - choice of basal area factor - point sampling with and without measurement of diameter of counted trees Tree and stand growth - yield curve of even-aged stands; auxology rules - annual, average and percentage increment - yield tables - growth of uneven-aged stands Measurement of stand growth: general formula; Pressler formula; Schneider formula Growth estimation from successive forest inventories Introduction to forest planning - definition and goals of forest planning - role of forest owner and other stakeholders - contents of a forest plan - forest compartments - forest map of planned area. (reference books) Kershaw J.A., Ducey M.J., Beers T.W., Hursh B, 2017 - Forest mensuration, Fifth edition. John Wiley & Sons.	6	AGR/05	48	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA
18193 - Selvicoltura - SCHIRONE Bartolomeo	6	AGR/05	48	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA
18188 - Meccanizzazione forestale (objectives) The aim of the course is to introduce the technology of forestry machinery and engines in its constructive, functional and operational aspects. - MONARCA Danilo (syllabus) The aim of the course is to introduce the technology of the machines used in the forestry sector in its constructive, functional and operational aspects. 1. Historical development of forest mechanization. 2. Physics applications applied to machines. Passive forces (friction and rolling resistance, drag, internal friction, flexible organs resistance). Thermodynamics, temperature and heat, specific heat, heat transfer. 3. Technical characteristics of forestry machines (endothermic engines, mechanical and hydraulic transmissions, tires, steering and control organs, tool connection systems, machine safety, ergonomics). 4. Proper use of machines (grip, slip control, soil constraint, traction forces). 5. Measuring work and loss times, performances, operating costs, cost-benefit analysis. 6. Tractors, chain saws, winches, shredders, harvesters, soil tillage machines, Harvesting machines for tree crops. 7. Notes on the applications of D.Lgs. 81/08 Title IV (Temporary or mobile works) and Legislative Decree 17/2010 (new machinery directive). 8. Work Safety Elements (A RSPP Module) - Legislative Decree 81. Obligations for farms and Employers. (reference books) Dispense del corso scaricabili online dal portale di Ateneo. https://moodle.unitus.it/moodle/course/view.php?id=79 Per approfondimenti sulla parte teorica: M. Lazzari, F. Mazzetto – Meccanica e meccanizzazione dei processi produttivi agricoli. Reda, Torino, 2016 L. Bodria, G. Pellizzi, P. Piccarolo – Meccanica e meccanizzazione agricola. Edagricole, Milano, 2013. P. Biondi - Meccanica Agraria. Le macchine agricole. UTET, Torino, 1999 (fuori commercio, reperibile in biblioteca)	6	AGR/09	48	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA
18192 - Ingegneria delle acque e del territorio
18192-1 - Sistemazioni idraulico forestali (objectives) The course deals with the main aspects concerning the management of hydrographic basins. In particular, the fundamental hydrological, hydraulic and erosive processes occurring at basin scale are analyzed. - Apollonio Ciro (syllabus) Part 1 Introduction to the course Historical notes on hydraulic-forestry arrangements Regulatory aspects Part 2 Notes on the physical properties of water Fundamental principles of hydraulics Part 3 Definition of River Basin Basin hydrology Soil erosion Flooding Part 4 Nature based solutions for hydraulic risk reduction (reference books) References: 1- lecturer's notes 2- pdf files of the presented Power Point 3- Ferro V. – La sistemazione dei bacini idrografici, Mc Graw Hill, II ed., 2006.	6	AGR/08	48	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA
18192-2 - Costruzioni forestali e rilievo del territorio - Marucci Alvaro (syllabus) Construction Science Generalities on elastic bodies, Hooke's law; real behavior of bodies under load; coefficients of resistance and safety. Simple and Compound Solicitations: Solicitations simple structures with straight axis; diagrams of tensions; solids loaded tip. Theory of beams: constraints; load mode; diagrams of the bending moment and shear; calculation and verification of isostatic beams. Snow load, wind load. Method semi-probabilistic limit state. The laminated wood. Design and verification of reinforced concrete structures. Land survey Reference surfaces, sphericity error. Theodolite: grinding conditions and construction, rule Bessel, commissioning station. Distance measurement, measurement of the azimuthal angles. Intersection forward, inverse intersection, opening to the ground. Polygonal open simple, open between two known points, open between four known points, closed polygonal. Elevation of point. The elevation difference between two points. Levels, geometric leveling, leveling with total station. (reference books) Lecture notes and teaching material provided by the teacher during the course	6	AGR/10	48	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA

First semester

Course	Credits	Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code	Contact Hours	Exercise Hours	Laboratory Hours	Personal Study Hours	Type of Activity	Optional materials and exam in a foreign language	Language
18195 - Tecnologie forestali (objectives) The course is held in Italian EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES Basic knowledge on the formation of woody tissues, on the anatomical structure, on the micro and macroscopic characteristics of wood. Knowledge of the chemical, physical and mechanical properties of wood, of the main products and manufacturing processes. Brief references to forest uses - LO MONACO Angela (syllabus) The course is held in Italian Microscopic characteristics of wood. Organization of xylem tissues in the stem. Description of the cellular elements (tracheids, tracheas, fibers, parenchyma, epithelial cells, channels and intercellular spaces). Chemical composition and ultrastructure of wood (outline). Elemental chemical composition, organic components, ultrastructural architecture of the wall, effects of chemical constituents and the ultra-structure on the properties of wood. Use of keys for the microscopic recognition of the taxon closest to the specific one Macroscopic characteristics of wood. Fundamental anatomical sections. Sapwood and heartwood. Color. Large anatomical elements. Grain, design, texture, shine, other organoleptic characteristics. Use of keys for macroscopic recognition of the taxon closest to the specific one Variations in the structure of the wood. Variations within a tree, horizontal, vertical, between different trees of the same species. Notes on wood of branches and roots. Defects and anomalies of round and sawn wood Growth anomalies. Anomalies in the anatomical constitution of the stems (reaction wood, chives, resin pockets). Color anomalies. Anomalies due to aging. Defects from abnormal cellular content and extractives. Defects in the shape of the arboreal stems, curvature, irregular and eccentric sections, protuberances, tapering. Knots. Marrow. Biological alterations from bacteria, fungi, insects and other animals. Growth rate. Frost cracks, lightning strikes, top breaking, felling tear, incorrect limbing. Foreign bodies incorporated, natural (concretions) or of other origin. Defects of the sawn timber present at the origin or induced by processing. Alterations to the wood (notes) Abiotic factors. Biotic factors (Bacteria, Fungi, Higher plants, Insects, Marine organisms, other animals). Fire wood relationships. Upper and lower calorific value. Combustion. Carbonization. Fire resistant Test methods, classifications, physical and mechanical characteristics. Technical regulations. Standards and regulatory bodies. Types of evidence. Sampling. Test conditions. Sample size. Structural wood Density Direct determination. Sampling. Factors affecting the density. Density variations. Relations between water and wood. Hygroscopicity. Saturation water and imbibition water. Wood moisture measurement. Moisture in the tree. Air humidity Properties of air-vapor mixtures. Relative humidity measurement. Wood moisture Desorption and adsorption. Maximum moisture content. Moisture content under constant atmospheric conditions. Cell wall saturation point. Moisture content in variable atmospheric conditions. Dimensional variations. Shrinkage and swelling. Factors affecting shrinkage and swelling. Anisotropy of shrinkage and swelling. Determination of shrinkage and swelling. Consequences of dimensional variations. Round and sawn assortments. Mechanical properties of wood Types of stresses. Resistance to compression, traction, bending, shear, impact, penetration or hardness, wear Elementary woodworking, hints. Machining with or without chip removal. Wood characteristics relevant for processing. Band saws, reciprocating and circular, with chain. Sheeters and sheeters Sawn timber Raw material and products. Organization of a sawmill. Production techniques (sawing performance, cutting systems and methods, technological defects). Plants and production lay-out. Seasoning in the air. Factors that influence seasoning. Stacks. Artificial drying. Correction of drying defects. Notes on preservative treatments Notes on derivatives. Peeled, sliced, panels In addition to this program, inserted in May 2017 without anyone having objected, on 30/9/2019 I also insert also the topic Outlines of forest uses, at the explicit verbal request of the President of the CCS SFN. I reiterate that for a better understanding of the topic added up to now, it is recommended to follow the specific course offered in another curriculum. (reference books) Lo Monaco – Gli appunti dalle lezioni sono utili quale traccia per lo studio dei diversi argomenti sui testi consigliati: G. BONAMINI, L. UZIELLI, R. ZANUTTINI - Elementi di Tecnologia del legno e Utilizzazioni forestali Vol. I Dispensa pubblicata dal Servizio Stamperia e Fotoriproduzione dell'Università degli Studi di Trento, rev. 1996. Disponibile pdf gratuito. R. NARDI BERTI R., La struttura anatomica del legno ed il riconoscimento dei legnami italiani di più corrente impiego. Contributi scientifico pratici per una migliore conoscenza e utilizzazione del legno. CNR IRL. (in Biblioteca, privilegiare l’ultima edizione) Anselmi N. Govi G. Patologia del legno 1996 Edagricole. Disponibile in Biblioteca G. TSOUMIS - Science and Technology of wood. Chapman Hall - New York. G.GIORDANO - Tecnologia del legno vol. I , II e III – UTET (in Biblioteca) A. CRIVELLARO F.H. SCHWEINGRUBER - Stem anatomical features of Dicotyledons. Pdf scaricabile gratuitamente . http://www.forestrybooks.com/ H. GÄRTNER F. H. SCHWEINGRUBER – Microscopic Preparation Techniques for Plant Stem Analysis Pdf scaricabile gratuitamente . http://www.forestrybooks.com/ Berti S, Nocetti M, Sozzi L, 2013. I difetti del legno. Compagnia delle foreste. pp 74 (in biblioteca) BONAMINI G., G. GIORDANO 1997 - Antologia del legno - Vol. 1 e 2. Ed. Consorzio LEGNOLEGNO, Reggio Emilia. C. POLLINI (a cura di) 2006 Manuale per la classificazione visuale qualitativa del legno tondo di abete rosso, abete bianco e larice. Pdf gratuitamente scaricabile: http://www.legnotrentino.it/documenti/Manuale_classificazione_legno_tondo.pdf A. Gambetta 2010 Funghi e insetti nel legno Diagnosi, Prevenzione, Cura. Nardini editore (disponibile in biblioteca) Dalprà M. 2007 Degrado biotico del legno : riconoscimento e metodi di lotta. (disponibile in biblioteca)	6	AGR/06	48	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA
18199 - Prova finale	5		-	-	-	-	Final examination and foreign language test		ITA
18203 - Zootecnia estensiva e gestione faunistica
- Sistemi zootecnici estensivi (objectives) The course will provide knowledge regarding the analysis, evaluation and management of extensive farms of the main farmed animal species and breeds. The main extensive zootechnical systems spread in Italy and some of the main systems spread in other parts of the world will be taken into consideration. The course will allow, through the analysis of the components of each system and their interactions, to assess the overall sustainability level, with particular reference to environmental, social and economic sustainability. In discussing the planned topics, emphasis will also be given to aspects relating to animal welfare, product quality and related eco-system services. - RONCHI Bruno (syllabus) With regard to the "management of wildlife resources" component, the course includes an introduction and a definition of the concept of wildlife management applied to wildlife species and related populations. Specifically, it will deal with population parameters, wildlife and hunting planning, the main sector regulations, environmental suitability models for wildlife; generalities and methods of study, ecological models, environmental improvements (periodic, permanent, etc.), the main monitoring and counting techniques for wild populations, the systematic classification of Italian ungulates (roe deer, deer, fallow deer, chamois, ibex , mouflon, wild boar) with description of their biology, ecology and management status. The same themes will be treated for leporidae, wolves, brown bears and birds, with in-depth analyzes relating to Italian galliformes. Other topics of the course will be the interactions between wildlife, agro-forest environment (types of damage, means of prevention, etc.), elements of wildlife breeding and field exercises and laboratory for the recognition of wild species and presence indices in nature. For the "extensive animal husbandry" component, the course will cover the following topics. Methods of analysis and evaluation of extensive livestock systems. Components of extensive livestock systems and their interactions with the environment. General classification and types of livestock systems. Behavior of grazing animals. Climate actions on grazing animals. Determination of the load of the pastures. Grazing techniques. Livestock interactions with wildlife. Health problems of grazing animals. Ecosystem services of extensive animal husbandry. Grazing in the woods. Multifunctionality of mountain animal husbandry. Quality and enhancement of typical products. Alpine dairy cattle breeding systems. Wild breeding of Maremmana cattle. and other beef breeds in the Apennine areas. Podolian cattle breeding. Extensive breeding of sheep and goats. Extensive breeding of equidae. (reference books) Notes and material published on the site by the teacher.	6	AGR/18	48	-	-	-	Related or supplementary learning activities	-	ITA
- Gestione delle risorse faunistiche (objectives) Introduction to the course and concept of wildlife management. Concept of species and population. Population parameters; distribution, consistency, density, structure. Population dynamics. Reproductive population parameters: fertility, fertility, annual increase. Principles of wildlife management in agricultural, forest and protected areas. Methods of study and management of wildlife resources, counts of wild populations, reintroduction, repopulation, etc. Environmental improvements (periodic, permanent, etc.). Local wildlife and hunting planning. Environmental suitability for wildlife; generalities and study methods. Elements of biology, ecology and management of some wild species: wild boar, roe deer, wolf, otter, hints on the main Italian cervids, bovids and galliformes. Interaction of wildlife in the agro-forest environment: types of damage; species, presence indices, agriculture interaction, silviculture interaction, means of prevention. Field and laboratory exercises: recognition of wild species and presence indices, capture of wild animals, counting of wild animals, breeding, etc. Elements of wildlife breeding; notes on the main cervids, suidae, lagomorphs, galliformes (meat production, reintroduction, repopulation) - PRIMI Riccardo (syllabus) With regard to the "management of wildlife resources" component, the course includes an introduction and a definition of the concept of wildlife management applied to wildlife species and related populations. Specifically, it will deal with population parameters, wildlife and hunting planning, the main sector regulations, environmental suitability models for wildlife; generalities and methods of study, ecological models, environmental improvements (periodic, permanent, etc.), the main monitoring and counting techniques for wild populations, the systematic classification of Italian ungulates (roe deer, deer, fallow deer, chamois, ibex , mouflon, wild boar) with description of their biology, ecology and management status. The same themes will be treated for leporidae, wolves, brown bears and birds, with in-depth analyzes relating to Italian galliformes. Other topics of the course will be the interactions between wildlife, agro-forest environment (types of damage, means of prevention, etc.), elements of wildlife breeding and field exercises and laboratory for the recognition of wild species and presence indices in nature. For the "extensive animal husbandry" component, the course will cover the following topics. Methods of analysis and evaluation of extensive livestock systems. Components of extensive livestock systems and their interactions with the environment. General classification and types of livestock systems. Behavior of grazing animals. Climate actions on grazing animals. Determination of the load of the pastures. Grazing techniques. Livestock interactions with wildlife. Health problems of grazing animals. Ecosystem services of extensive animal husbandry. Grazing in the woods. Multifunctionality of mountain animal husbandry. Quality and enhancement of typical products. Alpine dairy cattle breeding systems. Wild breeding of Maremmana cattle. and other beef breeds in the Apennine areas. Podolian cattle breeding. Extensive breeding of sheep and goats. Extensive breeding of equidae. (reference books) Notes and material published on the site by the teacher.	6	AGR/19	48	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA

Second semester

Course	Credits	Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code	Contact Hours	Exercise Hours	Laboratory Hours	Personal Study Hours	Type of Activity	Optional materials and exam in a foreign language	Language
18204 - Monitoraggio e controllo delle emergenze fitosanitarie (objectives) At the end of the course the student knows the newly introduced diseases of forest plants and the related causative agents. It is able to deal with frequent phytopathological problems related to quarantine organisms, implementing appropriate interventions; to understand the risk of introducing harmful organisms into new environments; to estimate the very serious damage they can cause to entire ecosystems. - MAZZAGLIA Angelo (syllabus) Introduction to the course, historical notes and examples of invasive organisms with significant economic and social impact. Concept of phytosanitary emergency. Concept of alien or invasive organism. Main causes of phytosanitary emergencies: climate change and its impact on the environment, the host plant and the invasive organism; natural spread and voluntary and involuntary anthropogenic diffusion of invasive organisms; effect of the management changes in agriculture and in the forest environment. Recall of the basic concepts of plant and forest pathology: disease, damage, injury; the disease triangle; the classification of diseases. Recall of the main notions related to the biology of the fungi that are causal agents of phytosanitary emergencies. The invasive process and the epidemiology of the causal agents of phytosanitary emergencies: transport, establishment, spread and impact. Forecast models of spread. The diagnostic process in phytosanitary emergencies: immunological (ELISA, Lateral Flow Assay, etc.) and molecular (standard and real time PCR, PCR applications for the diagnosis and characterization of pathogens and parasites) methods; outline of the use of bioinformatics for the characterization of pathogens. Management of phytosanitary emergencies: Pre-introduction strategies to limit the entry of invading phytopathogenic organisms into exempt territories. Phytosanitary barriers at the borders: how the phytosanitary services are organized at regional and national level; the European Plant Protection Organization (EPPO), Lists A1 and A2; the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC). The Pest Risk Assessment (PRA). Post-introduction strategies: eradication and containment measures. National and European phytosanitary legislation. Phytosanitary emergencies (case studies): - bark chestnut canker by Cryphonectria parasitica; - conifers root rot by Heterobasidion annosum s.l .; - Sudden death of the oak by Phytophthora ramorum - Resinous pine canker by Gibberella Cincinnati - poplar rust by Melampsora medusae - Eastern filbert blight by Anisogramma anomala; (reference books) Books: - Parassiti delle piante arboreee forestali ed ornamentali. Specie introdotte e di temuta introduzione, Panconesi A., Moricca S., Ragazzi A., Dellavalle I., Tiberi R. Patron Editore - Fondamenti di Patologia Vegetale, Matta A., Patron Editore On Google Classrom the teacher will provide: - PowerPoint presentations of lectures with graphic illustrations, photos, video and animations; - insights and examples of specific topics related to lectures; - a selection of related scientific literature; - exchange of information with the teacher.	6	AGR/12	48	-	-	-	Related or supplementary learning activities	-	ITA
18196 - Monitoraggio e difesa forestale e ambientale
18196-1 - Patologia forestale (objectives) To train the students on: general concepts of Plant Pathology with specific reference to forest ecosystems, urban forestry, nurseries, and plantations; ii) description of the main diseases of forest species at national and European level. - VANNINI Andrea (syllabus) Introduzione al corso; La Patologia Forestale e i suoi ambiti; Concetto di malattia e di danno; agenti di malattia biotici e abiotici; triangolo della malattia, classificazione delle malattie; introduzione alla sintomatologia. La Sintomatologia; classificazione dei sintomi; scale diagrammatiche di malattia; indici di malattia: incidenza, severità, mortalità; calcolo degli indici di malattia; uso degli indici di malattia per valutare stato, gravità e distribuzione in un popolamento forestale; esempio di interazione tra entomologia e patologia forestale: l'ambrosia beetle Xylosandrus compactus. Ipertrofie e iper plasie; alterazione dei processi: fotosintesi; respirazione; trasporto; riproduzione; trascrizione; Il ciclo della Malattia: svernamento; inoculo primario; disseminazione; inoculazione; attivazione; adesione del patogeno all'ospite; penetrazione passiva e attiva; infezione; colonizzazione apoplastica/simplastica, biotrofica/necrotrofica; evasione del patogeno. Meccanismi di difesa: sfuggenza, tolleranza, resistenza. Resistenza passiva e attiva, morfologica e chimica. Sistema elicitori recettori. La VTA, concetti e utilizzo in ambito urbano; sistemi di classificazione; esercitazioni pratiche su applicazione VTA. Il procedimento diagnostico: anamnesi e diagnosi di campo, fasi del procedimento diagnostico in campo. Casi applicativi: ambrosia beetles e funghi associati; cancro corticale del castagno; mal dell'inchiostro del castagno. Il concetto di sterilità; terreni di crescita, autoclave, cappa a flusso laminare. Il Postulati di Koch, esempio applicativo. Introduzione alla Micologia; il tallo fungino; ecologia dei funghi: simbionti, saprotrofi. I funghi come patogeni di piante, animali, uomo e altri microrganismi; la cellula fungina, nucleo, citoplasma e organuli, la parete cellulare. Il ciclo biologico dei funghi; germinazione della spora; accrescimento ifale; tropismo; colonizzazione necrotrofica e biotrofica; strutture vegetative. Esercitazioni pratiche di osservazione microscopica strutture fungine. Diagnostica biologica: osservazione e dissezione di materiale sintomatico; sterilizzazione e piastramento in cappa a flusso laminare; allestimento camera umida. I corpi fruttiferi; fasi nucleari; inquadramento tassonomico; Glomeromycota; Chytridiomycota; Mucoromycotina; generalità su Ascomycota: tallo vegetativo, riproduzione sessuata (pleomorfismo, telomorfo e anamorfo; gametangiogamia; aschi e ascospore) e asessuata (i conidi); corpi fruttiferi del telomorfo (apotecio, peritecio, cleistotecio, pseudotecio); corpi fruttiferi dell'anamorfo (acervulo, picnidio); tassonomia. Introduzione ai Basidiomycota; tallo vegetativo; riproduzione sessuata (somatogamia; basidi e basidiospore); corpi fruttiferi (angiocarpo; gimnocarpo; emiangiocarpo); ordine Uredinales, forme riproduttive e ciclo; Basidiomycetes, Holobasidiomycetes e Phragmobasidiomycetes. Oomycetes: generalità, biologia e tassonomia. Parte speciale: la moria dei semenzali (agenti causali, sintomatologia, epidemiologia, metodi di controllo). I mal bianchi: introduzione e inquadramento tassonimico; i Mal Bianchi delle querce, nocciolo, platano, pioppo (agenti causali, sintomatologia, ciclo, epidemiologia, metodi di controllo). Le taphrine: introduzione e inquadramento tassonomico; agenti causali; sintomi; ciclo; epidemiologia). Introduzione alle ruggini; le ruggini delle piante forestali: tassonomia, ciclo della malattia, epidemiologia: le ruggini vescicolose dei rami di pino; la ruggine curvatrice dei rami di pino; le ruggini dei pioppi; e ruggini vescicolose degli aghi dell'abete rosso, abete bianco e douglasia; le ruggini del ginepro; gli scopazzi dell'abete bianco. Le malattie fogliari: ciclo, epidemiologia; necrosi degli aghi di pino (Lophodermium sp.,Phacidium sp., Dothistroma sp.); le necrosi fogliari delle latifoglie; le antracnosi (platano, noce frassino), Il disseccamento dei germogli e dei coni del pino (Sphaeropsis sapinea). Le tracheomicosi: generalità e ciclo; la Grafiosi dell'olmo; il cancro colorato del platano;le verticillosi. I cancri a bersaglio: cancri da nectria e cancro del larice. I cancri diffusi: il cancro del cipresso; cancro corticale del castagno I marciumi radicali: Armillaria, Heterobasidion e Phytophthora (reference books) Slides (in ppt downloadable); Elementi di Patologia Forestale (Paolo Capretti e Alessandro ragazzi - Patron Editore)	6	AGR/12	48	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA
18196-2 - Entomologia forestale - SPERANZA Stefano (syllabus) 1. GENERAL ENTOMOLOGY Generalities about insects; external morphology; nervous system and sense organs; digestive system; circulatory system; secretion and excretion system; reproductive system; pheromones; post-embryonic development; moults; metamorphoses; means of population control: biological, agronomic, cultural, physical, mechanical, chemical. Modern inorganic and organic active ingredients. Microbiological insecticides. Phytotoxicity; Penetration mode and mechanisms of action of insecticides; Selectivity; Human toxicity; Resistance; Legislation; Biological control; Intervention thresholds; Integrated control (IPM). 2. FOREST ENTOMOLOGY (reference books) Copies of the slides shown during the lessons, integrated with lesson notes and/or books and publications: Battisti A. et. al. 2013. Lineamenti di Entomologia Forestale. Padova University Press - A.Pollini, 2002. Manuale di Entomologia Applicata. Ed agricole, Bologna.	6	AGR/11	48	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA
18194 - Forestry and enviromental economics and appraisal (objectives) Develop knowledge and skills related to the economy applied to the forestry sector and the environment. The course is aimed at understanding: a) the basic elements of the economy; b) the economic interpretation keys relating to the management of natural resources and environmental resources; c) the functioning of the sector, the markets in which it operates and some policies that influence it; d) the basic principles and techniques of forest and environmental evaluation. The objective is to develop in students the ability to: autonomously interpret the economic processes that influence the sector and the environment in which one operates; assess the economic sustainability of forest enterprises and the validity of the investments made in them; develop simple forestry estimates. Ultimately, it is intended to train a graduate able to operate in productive activities that are carried out in the forest-wood-mobile system both in the enterprise and in the professional activity. - SEVERINI Simone	7	AGR/01	56	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA

Teachings extracurricular: (hide)

118260 - Difesa incendi in ambito euromediterraneo - Derived from 18210 Inventari e difesa delle foreste in SCIENZE DELLE FORESTE E DELLA NATURA L-25 (docente da definire)	6	AGR/05	48	-	-	-		-	ITA
118261 - Geomatica e inventari forestali - Derived from 18210 Inventari e difesa delle foreste in SCIENZE DELLE FORESTE E DELLA NATURA L-25 (docente da definire)	6	AGR/05	48	-	-	-		-	ITA

Teachings extracurricular: (hide)

118274 - Energie rinnovabili

- Derived from 18207 Risorse ed energie rinnovabili in SCIENZE DELLE FORESTE E DELLA NATURA L-25 (docente da definire)

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ITA

First semester

Course	Credits	Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code	Contact Hours	Exercise Hours	Laboratory Hours	Personal Study Hours	Type of Activity	Optional materials and exam in a foreign language	Language
18189 - Dendrologia (objectives) L'obiettivo del corso è quello di fornire le conoscenze necessarie per il riconoscimento delle specie arboree italiane di cui verranno approfonditi con una trattazione monografica gli aspetti dell'evoluzione, dei cicli biologici ed dell'ecologia. Al termine del corso lo studente dovrà aver acquisito la capacità di applicare i criteri del riconoscimento tassonomico degli alberi di interesse forestale ed essere in grado di di comprendere le esigenenze ambientali e il ruolo ecologico di ciascuna specie nel dinamismo dei popolamenti foestali. Durante il corso gli studenti verranno stimolati a sviluppare autonomia di giudizio, abilità comunicative e capacità di apprendere. - PIOVESAN Gianluca (syllabus) Dendrology: bases of nomenclature and evolution. Concept of species. Diagnostic characters for the identification of forest taxa: the habitus, the posture, the bark, the leaf apparatus, the reproductive apparatus. Variability of diagnostic characters. Hybridization in forest trees. Classifications based on morphology and on a molecular basis. Growth and development of trees. Phenological cycles. Predetermined and indeterminate growth. Reproductive cycles in temperate forests. The longevity of forest trees. Bioclimatology and forest ecoregions. Biodiversity in forest ecosystems. Succession processes and structuring dynamics of forest stands. Old-growth forests and natural levels. Monumental trees and their role in the landscape and nature conservation. Special part Dendrology: monographic treatment of species of forest interest in Europe: taxonomy, habitus, chorology, habitat, cenology, xylology and customary uses. Taxus baccata, Cedrus spp., Larix decidua, Picea abies, Abies alba, Mediterranean firs, Pinus halepensis, P. pinea, P. pinaster, P. nigra, P. heldreichii, P. silvestris, P. mugo, P. uncinata P cembra, Cupressus sempervirens, Juniperus spp., Fagus sylvatica, Castanea sativa, Quercus ilex, Q. coccifera, Q. suber, Q. cerris, Q. macrolepis, Q. trojana, Q. frainetto, Q. pubescens, Q. petraea , Q. robur, Carpinus betulus, C. orientalis, Ostrya carpinifolia, Corylus avellana, Betula pendula, B. pubescens, Alnus cordata, A. glutinosa, A. incana, A. viridis, Populus alba, P. canescens, P. tremula , P. nigra, Salix caprea, S. alba, S. eleagnos, Ulmus minor, U. glabra, Celtis australis, Juglans regia, Tilia cordata, T. platyphyllos, Acer pseudoplatanus, A. platanoides, A. lobelii, A. opalus , A. campestre, A. monspessulanum, Fraxinus ornus, F. excelsior, F. angustifolia, Laburnum anagyroides, Cercis siliquastrum, Ceratonia siliqua, Sorbus torminalis, S. domestica, S. aria, S. aucuparia, Prunus aviu m, Pyrus pyraster and Malus sylvestris. THE MEDITERRANEAN STAIN: distribution, physiognomy, and composition in the main ecological areas (thermo-Mediterranean and meso-Mediterranean region), evolutionary and recessive dynamics (reference books) Gellini R. Grossoni P. - Forest botany, Cedam Trees in Lazio. CD provided by the teacher. Additional educational material from the lectures available on the Moodle platform.	6	AGR/05	48	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA
18190 - Ecologia forestale (objectives) The course aims to provide the basic concepts of ecology with examples and case studies of the Italian and global forest environments. EXPECTED LEARNING OUTCOMES. 1) Knowledge and comprehension: at the end of the course the student will have the necessary tools to analyze the forest ecosystem from an ecological point of view, in particular in relation to the cycles of the elements, the interactions between its components and the study of its characteristics and evolution. 2) Applied knowledge and comprehension: the course will provide the necessary cognitive tools to allow the choice of the most suitable measurement and analysis techniques for the study of the ecosystem according to the aspects to be analyzed (biodiversity, element cycles, ecosystem status, etc.). 3) Autonomy of judgement: once the training course is over, the student will have the tools for a strong autonomy of judgement on issues related to the interaction between forest ecosystems, climate and humans (climate change, natural and anthropogenic disturbances, ecosystem management). 4) Communicative skills: at the end of the training course, the student must demonstrate that he or she is able to communicate and discuss in a concise but effective way the issues dealt with during the course, demonstrating the ability to integrate the knowledge acquired. 5) Ability to learn: at the end of the course the student must have learned the concepts and techniques addressed and know how to define limits and fundamentals. - PAPALE Dario (syllabus) Introduction to the course and ecosystem concept Energy, energy balance and trophic chains Climate and biomes Climate change and ecosystems Biogeochemical cycles (C, water, N, P) Photosynthesis, respiration and their interactions with climate Measurement of greenhouse gases exchanges Ecology of populations Structure, interactions and dynamics of the forest ecosystem Biodiversity Fire as an ecological factor Main forest biomes (reference books) Chapin et al - Principles of Terrestrial Ecosystem Ecology (Sptinger) Kimmins - Forest Ecology (Pearson) Material provided by the teacher	6	AGR/05	48	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA
18197 - Attività formativa a scelta	12		96	-	-	-	Elective activities		ITA
18198 - Tirocinio	4		-	-	-	-	Other activities		ITA
18210 - Inventari e difesa delle foreste (objectives) MODULO GEOMATICA E INVENTARI FORESTALI -Train students on fundamentals of raster and vector data GIS management and provide practical examples serving the forest mapping and inventory fields - Train students on aspects of principles of forest inventory and their application to estimate forestry resources Expected outcomes By the end of this course, the student can: - perform basic GIS vectr and raster data managing operations and analysis tools - correctly apply sampling designs to collect data in forest inventory MODULO DIFESA DAGLI INCENDI IN AMBITO EUROMEDITERRANEO - The course deals with problems related to Mediterranean forest fire management in fire prone areas and provide students the knowledge and tools of analysis to plan and design interventions to prevent fire and restore forests. Expected outcomes - Understand the objectives of forest fire management. - Acquire skills to plan and design fire prevention treatments. - Gain the knowledge to implement fire management plans for large areas.
18210-1 - Geomatica e inventari forestali (objectives) -Train students on fundamentals of raster and vector data GIS management and provide practical examples serving the forest mapping and inventory fields - Train students on aspects of principles of forest inventory and their application to estimate forestry resources By the end of this course, the student can: - perform basic GIS vector and raster data managing operations and analysis tools - correctly apply sampling designs to collect data in forest inventory - BARBATI Anna (syllabus) 1. Introduction to geomatics. 2. Fundamentals of remote sensing 3. GIS data management 4. GPS applications in forestry 5 Forest inventory and geomatics (reference books) Gianfranco Amadio, 2012. Introduzione alla geomatica. Manuale introduttivo ai Sistemi Informativi Geografici Dario Flaccovio Editore.	6	AGR/05	48	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA
18210-2 - Difesa incendi in ambito euromediterraneo (objectives) The course deals with problems related to Mediterranean forest fire management in fire prone areas and provide students the knowledge and tools of analysis to plan and design interventions to prevent fire and restore forests. - PLUTINO Manuela (syllabus) Introduction to wildland fire. Legal framework. Wildfire in Italy and in other geographical areas. Fire management planning. Causes of fire. Combustion. Fire behaviour. Fire ecology. Forest fire prevention. Prescribed burning. Forets fire danger assestment. Forets fire detection. Forest fire fighting techniques and tools. Post-fire management. (reference books) BOVIO G., CORONA P., LEONE V. (a cura di), 2014 - Gestione selvicolturale dei combustibili forestali per la prevenzione degli incendi boschivi. Compagnia delle Foreste, Arezzo, pp. 208. BLASI C., BOVIO G., CORONA P., MARCHETTI M., MATURANI A. (a cura di), 2005 - Incendi e complessità eco sistemica. Dalla pianificazione forestale al recupero ambientale. Palombi & Partner, Roma, pp. 353. Material provided by the teacher.	6	AGR/05	48	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA

Second semester

Course	Credits	Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code	Contact Hours	Exercise Hours	Laboratory Hours	Personal Study Hours	Type of Activity	Optional materials and exam in a foreign language	Language
18191 - Dendrometria ed elementi di assestamento forestale (objectives) At the end of the course the student will be able to: a) describe the principles of operation and the use of the main dendrometric instruments; b) illustrate the methods of measuring the diameter and height of a tree or a sample of trees in the context of the forest; c) set out the procedures for the elaboration of dendrometric measurements that allow the quantitative evaluation of the main characteristics of a forest stand: species composition, density, site fertility, age, structure, wood volume, yield and productivity; d) know the objectives of a forest management plan and the main parts of which it is composed. Through practical activities in forest and in the computer room the student will learn how to perform: the delimitation of a sample area, the measurement of the diameters of the trees and of the relative height, numbering tests angular, the extraction of woody cores. He will also be able to process the measurements carried out using a spreadsheet software in order to estimate dendrometric variables. The acquired knowledge will enable the student to choose, based on the objectives of the survey and the type of forest, the dendrometric instruments to be used for the various measures to be performed and the consequent procedures for processing the data collected. At the end of the course, the student will be able to draw up a report that illustrates with text, tables and graphs the methods of survey and the characteristics of the forest stand where he carried out the measurements. The set of activities carried out in the course will allow the student to be aware of the role that dendrometry plays in supporting silviculture and forest management. - PORTOGHESI Luigi (syllabus) Definition and goals of dendrometry The importance of sampling in dendrometry Sampling of tree dimeter - dendrometric caliper - shape and size of sampling plots - plot delimitation Measurement of stands: number of stems, basal area, mean diameter, top diameter Diameter distribution in classes Stand height - Blume Leiss hypsometer, Vertex hypsometer, forest clinometer: trigonometric principles and how to you use them - sampling criteria for tree height - modelling height-diameter curve: graphic and analitical methods - mean height, top height - height-diameter ratio Stand volume: - stereometric geometry: dendrometric prototypes - sectionwise measurements on felled trees: Huber formula, Smalian formula, Heyer formula, trapezium rule - tree volume tables and equation: how to use them - equations with one (dbh) or two (dbh, height) predictor variables - absolute and false form factor; general formula to calculate tree volume by sample tree - sample trees selection methods - volume of stacked wood - bark percentage Direct and indirect tree age estimation. - angle count sampling theory - Bitterlich relascope - choice of basal area factor - point sampling with and without measurement of diameter of counted trees Tree and stand growth - yield curve of even-aged stands; auxology rules - annual, average and percentage increment - yield tables - growth of uneven-aged stands Measurement of stand growth: general formula; Pressler formula; Schneider formula Growth estimation from successive forest inventories Introduction to forest planning - definition and goals of forest planning - role of forest owner and other stakeholders - contents of a forest plan - forest compartments - forest map of planned area. (reference books) Kershaw J.A., Ducey M.J., Beers T.W., Hursh B, 2017 - Forest mensuration, Fifth edition. John Wiley & Sons.	6	AGR/05	48	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA
18193 - Selvicoltura - SCHIRONE Bartolomeo	6	AGR/05	48	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA
18215 - Alpicoltura - Derived from 16270 Zootecnia e Produzioni animali in TECNOLOGIE ALIMENTARI ED ENOLOGICHE (L-26) L-26 Chillemi Giovanni (syllabus) Elements of Anatomy and Physiology of ruminants and monogastric animals. Geographical distribution, numerical consistency and worldwide production. Physiology and reproduction techniques. Elements of application of biotechnology. Notes on the main types of food and nutritional value estimation. Milk production systems. Lactation curve and functional controls. Meat production. Public or category structures for genetic improvement. Elements of genetic improvement. The main animal breeds and their characteristics Brands and marketing (reference books) material of the lessons and their recordings	6	AGR/17	48	-	-	-	Related or supplementary learning activities	-	ITA
18188 - Meccanizzazione forestale (objectives) The aim of the course is to introduce the technology of forestry machinery and engines in its constructive, functional and operational aspects. - MONARCA Danilo (syllabus) The aim of the course is to introduce the technology of the machines used in the forestry sector in its constructive, functional and operational aspects. 1. Historical development of forest mechanization. 2. Physics applications applied to machines. Passive forces (friction and rolling resistance, drag, internal friction, flexible organs resistance). Thermodynamics, temperature and heat, specific heat, heat transfer. 3. Technical characteristics of forestry machines (endothermic engines, mechanical and hydraulic transmissions, tires, steering and control organs, tool connection systems, machine safety, ergonomics). 4. Proper use of machines (grip, slip control, soil constraint, traction forces). 5. Measuring work and loss times, performances, operating costs, cost-benefit analysis. 6. Tractors, chain saws, winches, shredders, harvesters, soil tillage machines, Harvesting machines for tree crops. 7. Notes on the applications of D.Lgs. 81/08 Title IV (Temporary or mobile works) and Legislative Decree 17/2010 (new machinery directive). 8. Work Safety Elements (A RSPP Module) - Legislative Decree 81. Obligations for farms and Employers. (reference books) Dispense del corso scaricabili online dal portale di Ateneo. https://moodle.unitus.it/moodle/course/view.php?id=79 Per approfondimenti sulla parte teorica: M. Lazzari, F. Mazzetto – Meccanica e meccanizzazione dei processi produttivi agricoli. Reda, Torino, 2016 L. Bodria, G. Pellizzi, P. Piccarolo – Meccanica e meccanizzazione agricola. Edagricole, Milano, 2013. P. Biondi - Meccanica Agraria. Le macchine agricole. UTET, Torino, 1999 (fuori commercio, reperibile in biblioteca)	6	AGR/09	48	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA
18192 - Ingegneria delle acque e del territorio
18192-1 - Sistemazioni idraulico forestali (objectives) The course deals with the main aspects concerning the management of hydrographic basins. In particular, the fundamental hydrological, hydraulic and erosive processes occurring at basin scale are analyzed. - Apollonio Ciro (syllabus) Part 1 Introduction to the course Historical notes on hydraulic-forestry arrangements Regulatory aspects Part 2 Notes on the physical properties of water Fundamental principles of hydraulics Part 3 Definition of River Basin Basin hydrology Soil erosion Flooding Part 4 Nature based solutions for hydraulic risk reduction (reference books) References: 1- lecturer's notes 2- pdf files of the presented Power Point 3- Ferro V. – La sistemazione dei bacini idrografici, Mc Graw Hill, II ed., 2006.	6	AGR/08	48	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA
18192-2 - Costruzioni forestali e rilievo del territorio - Marucci Alvaro (syllabus) Construction Science Generalities on elastic bodies, Hooke's law; real behavior of bodies under load; coefficients of resistance and safety. Simple and Compound Solicitations: Solicitations simple structures with straight axis; diagrams of tensions; solids loaded tip. Theory of beams: constraints; load mode; diagrams of the bending moment and shear; calculation and verification of isostatic beams. Snow load, wind load. Method semi-probabilistic limit state. The laminated wood. Design and verification of reinforced concrete structures. Land survey Reference surfaces, sphericity error. Theodolite: grinding conditions and construction, rule Bessel, commissioning station. Distance measurement, measurement of the azimuthal angles. Intersection forward, inverse intersection, opening to the ground. Polygonal open simple, open between two known points, open between four known points, closed polygonal. Elevation of point. The elevation difference between two points. Levels, geometric leveling, leveling with total station. (reference books) Lecture notes and teaching material provided by the teacher during the course	6	AGR/10	48	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA

First semester

Course	Credits	Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code	Contact Hours	Exercise Hours	Laboratory Hours	Personal Study Hours	Type of Activity	Optional materials and exam in a foreign language	Language
18195 - Tecnologie forestali (objectives) The course is held in Italian EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES Basic knowledge on the formation of woody tissues, on the anatomical structure, on the micro and macroscopic characteristics of wood. Knowledge of the chemical, physical and mechanical properties of wood, of the main products and manufacturing processes. Brief references to forest uses - LO MONACO Angela (syllabus) The course is held in Italian Microscopic characteristics of wood. Organization of xylem tissues in the stem. Description of the cellular elements (tracheids, tracheas, fibers, parenchyma, epithelial cells, channels and intercellular spaces). Chemical composition and ultrastructure of wood (outline). Elemental chemical composition, organic components, ultrastructural architecture of the wall, effects of chemical constituents and the ultra-structure on the properties of wood. Use of keys for the microscopic recognition of the taxon closest to the specific one Macroscopic characteristics of wood. Fundamental anatomical sections. Sapwood and heartwood. Color. Large anatomical elements. Grain, design, texture, shine, other organoleptic characteristics. Use of keys for macroscopic recognition of the taxon closest to the specific one Variations in the structure of the wood. Variations within a tree, horizontal, vertical, between different trees of the same species. Notes on wood of branches and roots. Defects and anomalies of round and sawn wood Growth anomalies. Anomalies in the anatomical constitution of the stems (reaction wood, chives, resin pockets). Color anomalies. Anomalies due to aging. Defects from abnormal cellular content and extractives. Defects in the shape of the arboreal stems, curvature, irregular and eccentric sections, protuberances, tapering. Knots. Marrow. Biological alterations from bacteria, fungi, insects and other animals. Growth rate. Frost cracks, lightning strikes, top breaking, felling tear, incorrect limbing. Foreign bodies incorporated, natural (concretions) or of other origin. Defects of the sawn timber present at the origin or induced by processing. Alterations to the wood (notes) Abiotic factors. Biotic factors (Bacteria, Fungi, Higher plants, Insects, Marine organisms, other animals). Fire wood relationships. Upper and lower calorific value. Combustion. Carbonization. Fire resistant Test methods, classifications, physical and mechanical characteristics. Technical regulations. Standards and regulatory bodies. Types of evidence. Sampling. Test conditions. Sample size. Structural wood Density Direct determination. Sampling. Factors affecting the density. Density variations. Relations between water and wood. Hygroscopicity. Saturation water and imbibition water. Wood moisture measurement. Moisture in the tree. Air humidity Properties of air-vapor mixtures. Relative humidity measurement. Wood moisture Desorption and adsorption. Maximum moisture content. Moisture content under constant atmospheric conditions. Cell wall saturation point. Moisture content in variable atmospheric conditions. Dimensional variations. Shrinkage and swelling. Factors affecting shrinkage and swelling. Anisotropy of shrinkage and swelling. Determination of shrinkage and swelling. Consequences of dimensional variations. Round and sawn assortments. Mechanical properties of wood Types of stresses. Resistance to compression, traction, bending, shear, impact, penetration or hardness, wear Elementary woodworking, hints. Machining with or without chip removal. Wood characteristics relevant for processing. Band saws, reciprocating and circular, with chain. Sheeters and sheeters Sawn timber Raw material and products. Organization of a sawmill. Production techniques (sawing performance, cutting systems and methods, technological defects). Plants and production lay-out. Seasoning in the air. Factors that influence seasoning. Stacks. Artificial drying. Correction of drying defects. Notes on preservative treatments Notes on derivatives. Peeled, sliced, panels In addition to this program, inserted in May 2017 without anyone having objected, on 30/9/2019 I also insert also the topic Outlines of forest uses, at the explicit verbal request of the President of the CCS SFN. I reiterate that for a better understanding of the topic added up to now, it is recommended to follow the specific course offered in another curriculum. (reference books) Lo Monaco – Gli appunti dalle lezioni sono utili quale traccia per lo studio dei diversi argomenti sui testi consigliati: G. BONAMINI, L. UZIELLI, R. ZANUTTINI - Elementi di Tecnologia del legno e Utilizzazioni forestali Vol. I Dispensa pubblicata dal Servizio Stamperia e Fotoriproduzione dell'Università degli Studi di Trento, rev. 1996. Disponibile pdf gratuito. R. NARDI BERTI R., La struttura anatomica del legno ed il riconoscimento dei legnami italiani di più corrente impiego. Contributi scientifico pratici per una migliore conoscenza e utilizzazione del legno. CNR IRL. (in Biblioteca, privilegiare l’ultima edizione) Anselmi N. Govi G. Patologia del legno 1996 Edagricole. Disponibile in Biblioteca G. TSOUMIS - Science and Technology of wood. Chapman Hall - New York. G.GIORDANO - Tecnologia del legno vol. I , II e III – UTET (in Biblioteca) A. CRIVELLARO F.H. SCHWEINGRUBER - Stem anatomical features of Dicotyledons. Pdf scaricabile gratuitamente . http://www.forestrybooks.com/ H. GÄRTNER F. H. SCHWEINGRUBER – Microscopic Preparation Techniques for Plant Stem Analysis Pdf scaricabile gratuitamente . http://www.forestrybooks.com/ Berti S, Nocetti M, Sozzi L, 2013. I difetti del legno. Compagnia delle foreste. pp 74 (in biblioteca) BONAMINI G., G. GIORDANO 1997 - Antologia del legno - Vol. 1 e 2. Ed. Consorzio LEGNOLEGNO, Reggio Emilia. C. POLLINI (a cura di) 2006 Manuale per la classificazione visuale qualitativa del legno tondo di abete rosso, abete bianco e larice. Pdf gratuitamente scaricabile: http://www.legnotrentino.it/documenti/Manuale_classificazione_legno_tondo.pdf A. Gambetta 2010 Funghi e insetti nel legno Diagnosi, Prevenzione, Cura. Nardini editore (disponibile in biblioteca) Dalprà M. 2007 Degrado biotico del legno : riconoscimento e metodi di lotta. (disponibile in biblioteca)	6	AGR/06	48	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA
18199 - Prova finale	5		-	-	-	-	Final examination and foreign language test		ITA
18211 - Adattamento e qualità delle risorse forestali
18211-1 - Miglioramento genetico forestale (objectives) AIMS Let the student know the nature, functioning and transmission of genetic information of living organisms, with particular reference to forest trees. Provide the principles and methods for assessing the genetic variability of forest species for its use in tree improvement. Let the student know the traditional and innovative methodologies used in the genetic improvement programs of forest trees. EXPECTED RESULTS After completing the course, students must demonstrate that they: 1) have acquired the tools for the analysis of the transmission and recombination of hereditary characters.; 2) are able to interpret the results of genetic crosses; 3) have acquired the principles and the methods for the study of genetic variability of forest trees; 4) have acquired knowledge on the basic principles of genetic improvement of forest trees. - CIAFFI Mario (syllabus) 1) Summary of basic genetic principles: trait, gene, locus, allele, genotype and phenotype. Dominance and recessivity, structure and composition of chromosomes, ploidy. 2) Causes and types of variability in forest stands: phenotypic, genetic and environmental variability; experimental methodologies to separate genetic and environmental effects. 3) Population genetics: Hardy-Weinberg law, effect of inbreeding and evolutionary factors (mutation, migration or gene flow, selection and genetic drift) on the genetic structure of forest species populations. 4) Quantitative genetics. - Characteristics of quantitative traits. - Study of the amount of phenotypic variation for a quantitative trait; statistical tools: samples and populations, frequency distributions, mean, variance and standard deviation, correlation and regression analyses. - Estimating the relative contribution of environmental and genetic effects on the observed phenotypic variability: heritability and its estimation in forest species. - Estimating the genotypic value of parental phenotypes by the analysis of offspring: clonal and breeding values; general combining ability and specific combining ability. - Genetic gain or genetic progress in a tree improvement program: realized gain and predicted gain on the basis of quantitative genetics theory; clonal and breeding genetic gain. - Genetic correlations: genetic correlations between two distinct traits (traits/traits correlations); genetics correlations of the same trait expressed at different ages (juvenile/mature correlations); genetic correlations of the same trait expressed in different environments (genotype x environment interaction). 5) Geographic Variation: races, clines and ecotypes. 6) Genetic improvements under natural regeneration systems. 7) Basic principles of genetic improvement of forest trees. - Scope and structure of forest tree improvement programs. - Population types and activities in the breeding cycle of tree improvement programs. - Characteristics of different types of populations: base population, selected population, breeding population, external population. - Propagation population: clonal seed orchards, seedling seed orchards. - Objectives and functions of genetic tests in the breeding cycle of tree improvement programs. (reference books) Notes and slides of the lectures provided by the teacher. Textbooks: Forest Genetics (2009), Editors: White T.L., Adams W.T., Neale D.B. ISBN 9781845932855; G. Barcaccia e M. Falcinelli, Genetica e Genomica, Vol. II Miglioramento Genetico, Liguori Editore, 2005.	6	AGR/07	48	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA
18211-2 - Laboratorio di tecnologia del legno - ROMAGNOLI Manuela (syllabus) 1. Wood macroscopic characters: texture, grain, sapwood heartwood, growth rings. Original defects in the material: (knots, grain deviation, reaction wood, cracks ... ..). Laboratory of macroscopic description and wood identification, color measurement, roughness. 2. Microscopic wood structure: conifers and hardwoods species. Laboratory of microscopic identification of national and imported woods. 3. Principles of wood chemical structure Laboratory of simple analytical and spectroscopic techniques to measure chemical wood compounds. 3. Dendrochronology, radiocarbon, wiggle matching. Laboratory of dendrochronology, sampling for wiggle matching analysis. 4. Wood anomalies and wood deterioration: abiotic anomalies (surface photochemical reactions, reological behaviour), biodeterioration (wood decay, chromogen fungi, bacteria, insects). Durability and use classes. Laboratory; identification of the main wood degradation agents, simple wood durability tests, identification of use classes in wooden artifacts. 5. Physical properties in wood: density, wood water relationships (shrinkages, swelling, Hygroscopicity); wood-electricity, wood-sound, wood heat Laboratory of physical properties measurement, moisture, shrinkages ans swelling, resistographic analysis. 6. Mechanical properties: compression, bending, hardness, tension, Laboratory for measurement of wood mechanical properties: deformation, MOR, MOE, Rupture loading. 7. Certification of quality in wood and wood products. Principles for quality grading (round, sawn, etc.) Visit to companies involved in wood working in the territory and during the summer excercitation in Pieve Tesino (reference books) Nardi Berti (2006). Contributi Scientifico Pratici per una migliore conoscenza del legno Dispense Bonamini e Uzielli e Zanuttini: Dispense di Tecnologia del Legno, Università degli Studi di Firenze. Romagnoli M- Dendrocronologia per i Beni Culturali e l’ambiente. Nardini Editore. Gambetta A 2010. Insetti e Funghi che attaccano il legno. Nardini editore, Firenze. Liotta G. Insetti che attaccano il legno. Nardini editore Altri testi di riferimento Giordano G., 1984. Tecnologia del Legno Palanti S. 2013. Durabilità del Legno. Dispense distribuite a lezione dal docente. Normativa tecnica di riferimento Nocetti M. 2013. I Difetti del legno. Quaderni di Sherwood, Ecoalleco libri Borghini e Massafra (a cura di) 2002. Legni da Ebanisteria.	6	AGR/06	48	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA

Second semester

Course	Credits	Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code	Contact Hours	Exercise Hours	Laboratory Hours	Personal Study Hours	Type of Activity	Optional materials and exam in a foreign language	Language
18212 - International cooperation (objectives) The aim of the course is to provide a general framework of objectives and activities carried out for international cooperation, within the framework of the Sustainable Development Goals. The course is structured to provide students with knowledge and capacities to work in international projects of sustainable development, with specific focus on the agro-forestry sector, as well as to provide international organizations with counseling services linked to project management. Expected learning results: 1) Knowledge and understanding: the course will provide knowledge and understanding of how international projects are conceived and designed. 2) Applying knowledge and understanding: students will develop the ability to develop an impact assessment of international projects in the agro-forestry domain. 3) Making judgements: at the end of the course, students will be able to develop strategic plans for international cooperation in different contexts. 4) Communication skills: the course helps students to develop communicative skills, by facilitating discussion during the group work. 5) Learning skills: the course will develop students’ learning skills through ongoing discussion of real-life examples. - CICATIELLO Clara (syllabus) The course is composed of four parts: 1. Economic theory and natural resources 2. Growth, development and natural resources 3. Cooperation for sustainable development 4. Designing and managing sustainable development projects in agroforestry (reference books) Franco S. , 2018, Le relazioni fra sistemi economici e ambiente. Collana (pas)SAGGI, anno 4, n.9. United Nations, 2015, The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Scientific articles provided by the lecturer Slides of the lectures	6	AGR/01	48	-	-	-	Related or supplementary learning activities	-	ITA
18196 - Monitoraggio e difesa forestale e ambientale
18196-1 - Patologia forestale (objectives) To train the students on: general concepts of Plant Pathology with specific reference to forest ecosystems, urban forestry, nurseries, and plantations; ii) description of the main diseases of forest species at national and European level. - VANNINI Andrea (syllabus) Introduzione al corso; La Patologia Forestale e i suoi ambiti; Concetto di malattia e di danno; agenti di malattia biotici e abiotici; triangolo della malattia, classificazione delle malattie; introduzione alla sintomatologia. La Sintomatologia; classificazione dei sintomi; scale diagrammatiche di malattia; indici di malattia: incidenza, severità, mortalità; calcolo degli indici di malattia; uso degli indici di malattia per valutare stato, gravità e distribuzione in un popolamento forestale; esempio di interazione tra entomologia e patologia forestale: l'ambrosia beetle Xylosandrus compactus. Ipertrofie e iper plasie; alterazione dei processi: fotosintesi; respirazione; trasporto; riproduzione; trascrizione; Il ciclo della Malattia: svernamento; inoculo primario; disseminazione; inoculazione; attivazione; adesione del patogeno all'ospite; penetrazione passiva e attiva; infezione; colonizzazione apoplastica/simplastica, biotrofica/necrotrofica; evasione del patogeno. Meccanismi di difesa: sfuggenza, tolleranza, resistenza. Resistenza passiva e attiva, morfologica e chimica. Sistema elicitori recettori. La VTA, concetti e utilizzo in ambito urbano; sistemi di classificazione; esercitazioni pratiche su applicazione VTA. Il procedimento diagnostico: anamnesi e diagnosi di campo, fasi del procedimento diagnostico in campo. Casi applicativi: ambrosia beetles e funghi associati; cancro corticale del castagno; mal dell'inchiostro del castagno. Il concetto di sterilità; terreni di crescita, autoclave, cappa a flusso laminare. Il Postulati di Koch, esempio applicativo. Introduzione alla Micologia; il tallo fungino; ecologia dei funghi: simbionti, saprotrofi. I funghi come patogeni di piante, animali, uomo e altri microrganismi; la cellula fungina, nucleo, citoplasma e organuli, la parete cellulare. Il ciclo biologico dei funghi; germinazione della spora; accrescimento ifale; tropismo; colonizzazione necrotrofica e biotrofica; strutture vegetative. Esercitazioni pratiche di osservazione microscopica strutture fungine. Diagnostica biologica: osservazione e dissezione di materiale sintomatico; sterilizzazione e piastramento in cappa a flusso laminare; allestimento camera umida. I corpi fruttiferi; fasi nucleari; inquadramento tassonomico; Glomeromycota; Chytridiomycota; Mucoromycotina; generalità su Ascomycota: tallo vegetativo, riproduzione sessuata (pleomorfismo, telomorfo e anamorfo; gametangiogamia; aschi e ascospore) e asessuata (i conidi); corpi fruttiferi del telomorfo (apotecio, peritecio, cleistotecio, pseudotecio); corpi fruttiferi dell'anamorfo (acervulo, picnidio); tassonomia. Introduzione ai Basidiomycota; tallo vegetativo; riproduzione sessuata (somatogamia; basidi e basidiospore); corpi fruttiferi (angiocarpo; gimnocarpo; emiangiocarpo); ordine Uredinales, forme riproduttive e ciclo; Basidiomycetes, Holobasidiomycetes e Phragmobasidiomycetes. Oomycetes: generalità, biologia e tassonomia. Parte speciale: la moria dei semenzali (agenti causali, sintomatologia, epidemiologia, metodi di controllo). I mal bianchi: introduzione e inquadramento tassonimico; i Mal Bianchi delle querce, nocciolo, platano, pioppo (agenti causali, sintomatologia, ciclo, epidemiologia, metodi di controllo). Le taphrine: introduzione e inquadramento tassonomico; agenti causali; sintomi; ciclo; epidemiologia). Introduzione alle ruggini; le ruggini delle piante forestali: tassonomia, ciclo della malattia, epidemiologia: le ruggini vescicolose dei rami di pino; la ruggine curvatrice dei rami di pino; le ruggini dei pioppi; e ruggini vescicolose degli aghi dell'abete rosso, abete bianco e douglasia; le ruggini del ginepro; gli scopazzi dell'abete bianco. Le malattie fogliari: ciclo, epidemiologia; necrosi degli aghi di pino (Lophodermium sp.,Phacidium sp., Dothistroma sp.); le necrosi fogliari delle latifoglie; le antracnosi (platano, noce frassino), Il disseccamento dei germogli e dei coni del pino (Sphaeropsis sapinea). Le tracheomicosi: generalità e ciclo; la Grafiosi dell'olmo; il cancro colorato del platano;le verticillosi. I cancri a bersaglio: cancri da nectria e cancro del larice. I cancri diffusi: il cancro del cipresso; cancro corticale del castagno I marciumi radicali: Armillaria, Heterobasidion e Phytophthora (reference books) Slides (in ppt downloadable); Elementi di Patologia Forestale (Paolo Capretti e Alessandro ragazzi - Patron Editore)	6	AGR/12	48	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA
18196-2 - Entomologia forestale - SPERANZA Stefano (syllabus) 1. GENERAL ENTOMOLOGY Generalities about insects; external morphology; nervous system and sense organs; digestive system; circulatory system; secretion and excretion system; reproductive system; pheromones; post-embryonic development; moults; metamorphoses; means of population control: biological, agronomic, cultural, physical, mechanical, chemical. Modern inorganic and organic active ingredients. Microbiological insecticides. Phytotoxicity; Penetration mode and mechanisms of action of insecticides; Selectivity; Human toxicity; Resistance; Legislation; Biological control; Intervention thresholds; Integrated control (IPM). 2. FOREST ENTOMOLOGY (reference books) Copies of the slides shown during the lessons, integrated with lesson notes and/or books and publications: Battisti A. et. al. 2013. Lineamenti di Entomologia Forestale. Padova University Press - A.Pollini, 2002. Manuale di Entomologia Applicata. Ed agricole, Bologna.	6	AGR/11	48	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA
18194 - Forestry and enviromental economics and appraisal (objectives) Develop knowledge and skills related to the economy applied to the forestry sector and the environment. The course is aimed at understanding: a) the basic elements of the economy; b) the economic interpretation keys relating to the management of natural resources and environmental resources; c) the functioning of the sector, the markets in which it operates and some policies that influence it; d) the basic principles and techniques of forest and environmental evaluation. The objective is to develop in students the ability to: autonomously interpret the economic processes that influence the sector and the environment in which one operates; assess the economic sustainability of forest enterprises and the validity of the investments made in them; develop simple forestry estimates. Ultimately, it is intended to train a graduate able to operate in productive activities that are carried out in the forest-wood-mobile system both in the enterprise and in the professional activity. - SEVERINI Simone	7	AGR/01	56	-	-	-	Core compulsory activities	-	ITA

Teachings extracurricular: (hide)

118260 - Difesa incendi in ambito euromediterraneo - Derived from 18210 Inventari e difesa delle foreste in SCIENZE DELLE FORESTE E DELLA NATURA L-25 (docente da definire)	6	AGR/05	48	-	-	-		-	ITA
118261 - Geomatica e inventari forestali - Derived from 18210 Inventari e difesa delle foreste in SCIENZE DELLE FORESTE E DELLA NATURA L-25 (docente da definire)	6	AGR/05	48	-	-	-		-	ITA

Teachings extracurricular: (hide)

118274 - Energie rinnovabili

- Derived from 18207 Risorse ed energie rinnovabili in SCIENZE DELLE FORESTE E DELLA NATURA L-25 (docente da definire)

6

ING-IND/09

48

-

ITA

First semester

Course

Credits

Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code

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Exercise Hours

Laboratory Hours

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Type of Activity

Optional materials and exam in a foreign language

Language

18180 - Matematica ed elementi di fisica

- Derived from 14618 Matematica ed elementi di Fisica in SCIENZE AGRARIE E AMBIENTALI (L-25) L-25 0 Nobili Paolo (syllabus) (reference books)

8

MAT/05

64

-

Basic compulsory activities

-

ITA

Optional group: Lingua inglese esame interno o riconoscimento esterno - (show)

5

17869 - Lingua inglese (objectives) EDUCATIONAL AIMS: The course aims to develop language skills at a pre-intermediate level (B1 in The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages), focusing on building essential grammatical and lexical foundations. Lectures are partly organised in in-class practice tests coherent with the International Preliminary English Test (PET). A selection of scientific texts, uploaded to the Moodle page of the course, will be analyzed so that to build lexical knowledge and debating skills related to Natural Sciences subjects. LEARNING OUTCOMES: The student can: - understand texts that consist mainly of high-frequency everyday or job-related language; - understand the description of events, feelings, and wishes in personal letters; - understand the main points of clear standard speech on familiar matters; - enter into a conversation on topics that are familiar, of personal interest or pertinent to everyday life; - connect phrases in a simple way in order to describe experiences and events, his/her dreams, hopes, and ambitions; - briefly give reasons and explanations for opinions related to scientific topics as well; - write simple connected text on topics which are familiar or of personal interest; - write personal letters describing experiences and impressions, and short stories sticking to specific hints. - Derived from 14789 Lingua inglese in SCIENZE AGRARIE E AMBIENTALI (L-25) L-25 HERNANDEZ BORRAYO Elizabeth (syllabus) Lingua Inglese Docente: Dott.ssa Elizabeth Hernández Borrayo Email: elizabeth.hernandez@unitus.it Ricevimento: Martedì Orario: 18:00-19:00 Title: "LIFE: Bringing National Geographic to Life" "Bringing National Geographic to Life" - https://eltngl.com/sites/Life2e/NGLandLife Il corso, prevede una conoscenza di base della lingua inglese livello A2 (elementary level), ed è finalizzato al potenziamento delle principali strutture linguistiche di livello intermedio B1, in modo tale da mettere lo studente nella condizione di comprendere agevolmente testi di natura scientifica. Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) - Livello B1 GRAMMATICA E SINTASSI: - L’ordine delle parole nelle frasi. - Parti del discorso: Articoli definiti e indefiniti, Sostantivi plurale e singolare (numerabili e non numerabili), Aggettivi: comparativi e superlativi, L'ordine/posizione degli aggettivi; Preposizioni, Pronomi, Avverbi, Verbi: ausiliare, regolari, irregolari, modali e riflessivi. - Aggettivi/pronomi possessivi - Espressioni di quantità - Tempi dei verbi: attivo indicativo (tutto), imperativo, infinito presente: - Passivo indicativo presente & passato - Present Simple, Present Continuous, Past Simple, Past Continuous, Present Perfect Simple, Present Perfect Continuous, Past Perfect Simple, Past Perfect Continuous, Present Simple and Continuous for the future, To be going to, Will/Shall, Simple Present for the future with if/while/when/before/after/until/as soon as, Passive Form (all tenses). - Verbi modali - Condizionali: tipo 0, 1, 2 & 3 - Avverbi di frequenza - Verbi con infinito/gerundio - Strutture grammaticali equivalenti (eg. It is likely that he will go/he will probably go) - Discorso diretto e indiretto - Avverbi comparativi e superlativi - Abitudini nel passato: "used to" and Would - Far fare: "have something done" - Conditionals: Zero, First, Second and Third Conditional, Wish + simple past/past perfect. - Relatives: Relative Pronouns, Defining vs. Non-Defining Relative Clauses. LESSICO E CONTESTO D’USO: - Vacanze, viaggiare e mezzi di trasporto - Apprendimento e l'istruzione - Comprare e vendere; shopping - Animali, la natura ed essere umani (la famiglia) - La salute, esercizio fisico e lo sport; parti del corpo e la medicina - Case e stili di vita - Arte, tempo libero e intrattenimento - La sicurezza, oggetti casalinghi - Scienza e tecnologia - Relazioni, la famiglia, la personalità e i sentimenti - Il mondo naturale e il tempo - Cibo (mangiare e bere), celebrazioni e festività - TV e mass media, libri - Passatempi e tempo libero - Abbigliamento e moda - Il mondo del lavoro e professioni. FUNZIONI COMUNICATIVE : - Chiedere/dare informazioni (abitudini, routine, dettagli personali, oggetti personali, permesso, l'orario, la data, luoghi, spelling, direzioni, per viaggiare) - Esprimere opinioni/fare scelte, parlare di piani, pianificare, raccontare esperienze passate - Parlare della famiglia, degli studi, del tempo libero - Parlare di/progettare le vacanze - Essere e non essere d'accordo - Descrivere lo stato di salute, descrivere i sentimenti/ descrivere persone - Trarre semplici conclusioni e dare consigli - Parlare del tempo - Esprimere opinioni, preferenze, abilità e inabilità, necessità e desideri - Esprimere preferenze, abilità e inabilità - Esprimere necessità e desideri, obbligo e assenza di obbligo - Esprimere causa ed effetto e dare motivi - Ringraziare e rispondere ai ringraziamenti, invitare/rispondere a inviti - Fare /rifiutare richieste semplici - Scusarsi e rispondere alle scuse, offrire e suggerire - Fare paragoni, fare previsioni, dare ordini e comandi - Comprare e vendere (costi, misure e totali) - Cambiare l'argomento/ criticare e lamentarsi - Contare e usare i numeri - Salutare e rispondere ai saluti, presentare se stesso e gli altri - Descrivere oggetti e alloggi - Interrompere la conversazione, iniziare un discorso e riprenderlo - Fare appuntamenti e organizzare incontri, fare complimenti - Fare e rispondere ad offerte e suggerimenti - Parlare del cibo e ordinare in un ristorante - Parlare di sentimenti fisici e emozionali - Parlare di probabilità/improbabilità; possibilità/impossibilità - Parlare e scrivere del futuro e situazioni immaginarie, di progetti o intenzioni future, di eventi passati ed azioni completate - Parlare e scrivere di eventi in corso - Capire e completare un modulo di dettagli personali - Capire e produrre una semplice storia una lettera - Capire avvisi, note, email, riportare il discorso (reporting speech) ORTOGRAFIA E FONETICA: - Fonemi vocalici (inclusi i dittonghi) e consonantici - Sound pairs - L'alfabeto fonetico - Minimal pairs and allophones - La pronunica delle finali -s; -es; -ed - Word stress - Sentence stress: function words and content words - Variazioni fonetiche nel connected speech: elisione, linking, assimilazione - Elisione (linking patterns) - Introduzione all'intonazione/toni - Intonazione (e funzioni) di marcatori discorsivi e domande "echo"- Specificità fonetiche difficili per gli studenti italiani. NOZIONI CULTURALI - Forme di cortesia - Frasi idiomatiche - Ricette - Scuole e università - Semplici strutture governative Comprende i punti chiave di argomenti familiari che riguardano la scuola, il tempo libero ecc. Sa muoversi con disinvoltura in situazioni che possono verificarsi mentre viaggia nel Paese di cui parla la lingua. È in grado di produrre un testo semplice relativo ad argomenti che siano familiari o di interesse personale. È in grado di esprimere esperienze ed avvenimenti, sogni, speranze e ambizioni e di spiegare brevemente le ragioni delle sue opinioni e dei suoi progetti. B1- Livello intermedio Cambridge Preliminary (PET), BEC Preliminary, IELTS level 4, English TOEFL score 57-86 (reference books) Lingua Inglese Docente: Dott.ssa Elizabeth Hernández Email: elizabeth.hernandez@unitus.it Bibliography: 1. English Grammar in use fourth edition with answers and ebook ISBN 9781107539334. English Grammar in Use Book with Answers and Interactive eBook: Self-Study Reference and Practice Book for Intermediate Learners of English [Lingua inglese], di Raymond Murphy. 2. SMART GRAMMAR ISBN 9788853615671. Smartgrammar. LibroLIM. Per le Scuole superiori. Con DVD. Con espansione online Copertina flessibile – di N. Iandelli (Autore), R. Zizzo (Autore), A. Smith (Autore), J. Humphies (Autore) 3. LIFE PRE-INTERMEDIATE: Life. Pre-intermediate. Student's book. Per le Scuole superiori. Con DVD-ROM. Con e-book. Con espansione online: Life Pre-Intermediate Student's Book + DVD [Lingua inglese], di Helen Stephenson (Autore), Paul Dummett (Autore), John Hughes. (BOOK AND WORKBOOK) ISBN: - Book-978113315704 4. Dispense di Grammatica livello A1-B1+.	5	L-LIN/12	40	-	-	-	Final examination and foreign language test	-	ITA
17870 - Lingua inglese idoneità	5		40	-	-	-	Final examination and foreign language test		ITA

17863 - Chimica organica ed elementi di chimica generale

- Derived from 17863 Chimica organica ed elementi di chimica generale in SCIENZE AGRARIE E AMBIENTALI (L-25) L-25 BERNINI Roberta (syllabus) (reference books)

8

CHIM/06

64

-

Basic compulsory activities

-

ITA

18182 - Zoologia generale e sistematica (objectives)

- ZAPPAROLI Marzio (syllabus)

PROGRAM

I. Introductory and general concepts
Main chemical constituents of animals and their meaning: elements, inorganic compounds (water, mineral salts) and organic (proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids).
Prokaryotic cell and eukaryotic cell: structure and functions. Mitosis.
Reproduction (agamic and gamic). Meiosis. Hermaphroditism. Generation alternation. Parthenogenesis. Meaning of sexuality. Sexual dimorphism.
Notes on the embryonic and post-embryonic development of animals.
Evolution: theories, mechanisms and tests; Darwinism and synthetic theory.
Species concepts. The typological concept. The biological concept of species, the population as an evolutionary unit.
The mechanisms of speciation (allopatric model, sympatric model).

II. Animals and the environment
Abiotic and biotic factors. Habitat. Concept of population in ecology (growth curves, reproductive strategies, -r and -K selection). Communities (zoocenosis, taxocenosis). Ecosystem. The concept of fauna *.
The interspecific relationships (predation, competition, symbiosis and parasitism, adaptive coloring, mimicry, cryptism) and intraspecific (animal colonies and societies, competition and sexual selection, territory).
The ecological niche. Aquatic environments (marine, inland waters) and terrestrial environments, characteristics and adaptations. The biomes. Notes on zoogeography: general principles, definitions, zoogeographic regions.

III. Animal diversity
The concept of Biodiversity. Animal diversity and its meaning. Principles of Zoological classification, Linnean taxonomic categories.
Systematic ordering at class level, general body organizational plan, biology, ecological role and evolutionary aspects of the "Protozoa" and the following animal phyla: Porifera, Cnidaria, Plathyelminthes (Turbellaria, Trematoda, Cestoda), Nematoda, Mollusca (Bivalvia, Gastropoda, Cephalopoda), Annelida(Polychaeta, Oligochaeta, Irudinea), Arthropoda (Arachnida, Crustacea, Myriapoda, Hexapoda), Echinoderma, Chordata (Urochordata, Cephalochordata). Introduction to Vertebrata.

(reference books)

6

BIO/05

46

-

Basic compulsory activities

-

ITA

118646 - Botanica

- Botanica generale (objectives)

- Di Filippo Alfredo (syllabus) (reference books)

6

BIO/03

48

-

Basic compulsory activities

-

ITA

Second semester

Course

Credits

Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code

Contact Hours

Exercise Hours

Laboratory Hours

Personal Study Hours

Type of Activity

Optional materials and exam in a foreign language

Language

118621 - Genetica forestale (objectives)

- PAGNOTTA Mario augusto (syllabus) (reference books)

6

AGR/07

48

-

Basic compulsory activities

-

ITA

118622 - Cartografia e sistemi informativi geografici (objectives)

- RIPA Maria Nicolina (syllabus) (reference books)

6

AGR/10

48

-

Core compulsory activities

-

ITA

Optional group: Abilità informatiche e statistiche - (show)

3

118624 - Abilità informatiche e statistiche (objectives) To introduce the student to the main functions of the text analysis and spreadsheet office packages. Let the student know the theoretical and experimental bases of biometrics and the use of statistical tests. - PAGNOTTA Mario augusto (syllabus) Application of software for text processing. With particular reference to text revisions and the use of cross-references (summary). Application of software for the use of a spreadsheet and data processing. Functions, order data, cross-references, creation of graphs. Population and statistical sample; Sampling procedures; Quantiles. Variance and average; Chi square test; Normal distribution; Correlation and Regression. (reference books) Whitlock MM, Schluter D (2010) Analisi statistica dei dati biologici. Ed. Zanichelli, Bologna. ISBN 978-88-08-06297 Camussi A., Moller F., Ottaviano E., Sari Gorla M. (1995). METODI STATISTICI PER LA SPERIMENTAZIONE BIOLOGICA. Zanichelli Editore, Bologna.	3		24	-	-	-	Other activities	-	ITA
118642 - Abilità informatiche e statistiche (idoneità)	3		24	-	-	-	Other activities		ITA

118646 - Botanica

- Diversità vegetale (objectives)

- SCOPPOLA Anna

6

BIO/03

48

-

Basic compulsory activities

-

ITA

First semester

Course

Credits

Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code

Contact Hours

Exercise Hours

Laboratory Hours

Personal Study Hours

Type of Activity

Optional materials and exam in a foreign language

Language

18180 - Matematica ed elementi di fisica

- Derived from 14618 Matematica ed elementi di Fisica in SCIENZE AGRARIE E AMBIENTALI (L-25) L-25 0 Nobili Paolo (syllabus) (reference books)

8

MAT/05

64

-

Basic compulsory activities

-

ITA

17863 - Chimica organica ed elementi di chimica generale

- Derived from 17863 Chimica organica ed elementi di chimica generale in SCIENZE AGRARIE E AMBIENTALI (L-25) L-25 BERNINI Roberta (syllabus) (reference books)

8

CHIM/06

64

-

Basic compulsory activities

-

ITA

Optional group: Lingua inglese esame interno o riconoscimento esterno - (show)

5

17869 - Lingua inglese (objectives) EDUCATIONAL AIMS: The course aims to develop language skills at a pre-intermediate level (B1 in The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages), focusing on building essential grammatical and lexical foundations. Lectures are partly organised in in-class practice tests coherent with the International Preliminary English Test (PET). A selection of scientific texts, uploaded to the Moodle page of the course, will be analyzed so that to build lexical knowledge and debating skills related to Natural Sciences subjects. LEARNING OUTCOMES: The student can: - understand texts that consist mainly of high-frequency everyday or job-related language; - understand the description of events, feelings, and wishes in personal letters; - understand the main points of clear standard speech on familiar matters; - enter into a conversation on topics that are familiar, of personal interest or pertinent to everyday life; - connect phrases in a simple way in order to describe experiences and events, his/her dreams, hopes, and ambitions; - briefly give reasons and explanations for opinions related to scientific topics as well; - write simple connected text on topics which are familiar or of personal interest; - write personal letters describing experiences and impressions, and short stories sticking to specific hints. - Derived from 14789 Lingua inglese in SCIENZE AGRARIE E AMBIENTALI (L-25) L-25 HERNANDEZ BORRAYO Elizabeth (syllabus) Lingua Inglese Docente: Dott.ssa Elizabeth Hernández Borrayo Email: elizabeth.hernandez@unitus.it Ricevimento: Martedì Orario: 18:00-19:00 Title: "LIFE: Bringing National Geographic to Life" "Bringing National Geographic to Life" - https://eltngl.com/sites/Life2e/NGLandLife Il corso, prevede una conoscenza di base della lingua inglese livello A2 (elementary level), ed è finalizzato al potenziamento delle principali strutture linguistiche di livello intermedio B1, in modo tale da mettere lo studente nella condizione di comprendere agevolmente testi di natura scientifica. Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) - Livello B1 GRAMMATICA E SINTASSI: - L’ordine delle parole nelle frasi. - Parti del discorso: Articoli definiti e indefiniti, Sostantivi plurale e singolare (numerabili e non numerabili), Aggettivi: comparativi e superlativi, L'ordine/posizione degli aggettivi; Preposizioni, Pronomi, Avverbi, Verbi: ausiliare, regolari, irregolari, modali e riflessivi. - Aggettivi/pronomi possessivi - Espressioni di quantità - Tempi dei verbi: attivo indicativo (tutto), imperativo, infinito presente: - Passivo indicativo presente & passato - Present Simple, Present Continuous, Past Simple, Past Continuous, Present Perfect Simple, Present Perfect Continuous, Past Perfect Simple, Past Perfect Continuous, Present Simple and Continuous for the future, To be going to, Will/Shall, Simple Present for the future with if/while/when/before/after/until/as soon as, Passive Form (all tenses). - Verbi modali - Condizionali: tipo 0, 1, 2 & 3 - Avverbi di frequenza - Verbi con infinito/gerundio - Strutture grammaticali equivalenti (eg. It is likely that he will go/he will probably go) - Discorso diretto e indiretto - Avverbi comparativi e superlativi - Abitudini nel passato: "used to" and Would - Far fare: "have something done" - Conditionals: Zero, First, Second and Third Conditional, Wish + simple past/past perfect. - Relatives: Relative Pronouns, Defining vs. Non-Defining Relative Clauses. LESSICO E CONTESTO D’USO: - Vacanze, viaggiare e mezzi di trasporto - Apprendimento e l'istruzione - Comprare e vendere; shopping - Animali, la natura ed essere umani (la famiglia) - La salute, esercizio fisico e lo sport; parti del corpo e la medicina - Case e stili di vita - Arte, tempo libero e intrattenimento - La sicurezza, oggetti casalinghi - Scienza e tecnologia - Relazioni, la famiglia, la personalità e i sentimenti - Il mondo naturale e il tempo - Cibo (mangiare e bere), celebrazioni e festività - TV e mass media, libri - Passatempi e tempo libero - Abbigliamento e moda - Il mondo del lavoro e professioni. FUNZIONI COMUNICATIVE : - Chiedere/dare informazioni (abitudini, routine, dettagli personali, oggetti personali, permesso, l'orario, la data, luoghi, spelling, direzioni, per viaggiare) - Esprimere opinioni/fare scelte, parlare di piani, pianificare, raccontare esperienze passate - Parlare della famiglia, degli studi, del tempo libero - Parlare di/progettare le vacanze - Essere e non essere d'accordo - Descrivere lo stato di salute, descrivere i sentimenti/ descrivere persone - Trarre semplici conclusioni e dare consigli - Parlare del tempo - Esprimere opinioni, preferenze, abilità e inabilità, necessità e desideri - Esprimere preferenze, abilità e inabilità - Esprimere necessità e desideri, obbligo e assenza di obbligo - Esprimere causa ed effetto e dare motivi - Ringraziare e rispondere ai ringraziamenti, invitare/rispondere a inviti - Fare /rifiutare richieste semplici - Scusarsi e rispondere alle scuse, offrire e suggerire - Fare paragoni, fare previsioni, dare ordini e comandi - Comprare e vendere (costi, misure e totali) - Cambiare l'argomento/ criticare e lamentarsi - Contare e usare i numeri - Salutare e rispondere ai saluti, presentare se stesso e gli altri - Descrivere oggetti e alloggi - Interrompere la conversazione, iniziare un discorso e riprenderlo - Fare appuntamenti e organizzare incontri, fare complimenti - Fare e rispondere ad offerte e suggerimenti - Parlare del cibo e ordinare in un ristorante - Parlare di sentimenti fisici e emozionali - Parlare di probabilità/improbabilità; possibilità/impossibilità - Parlare e scrivere del futuro e situazioni immaginarie, di progetti o intenzioni future, di eventi passati ed azioni completate - Parlare e scrivere di eventi in corso - Capire e completare un modulo di dettagli personali - Capire e produrre una semplice storia una lettera - Capire avvisi, note, email, riportare il discorso (reporting speech) ORTOGRAFIA E FONETICA: - Fonemi vocalici (inclusi i dittonghi) e consonantici - Sound pairs - L'alfabeto fonetico - Minimal pairs and allophones - La pronunica delle finali -s; -es; -ed - Word stress - Sentence stress: function words and content words - Variazioni fonetiche nel connected speech: elisione, linking, assimilazione - Elisione (linking patterns) - Introduzione all'intonazione/toni - Intonazione (e funzioni) di marcatori discorsivi e domande "echo"- Specificità fonetiche difficili per gli studenti italiani. NOZIONI CULTURALI - Forme di cortesia - Frasi idiomatiche - Ricette - Scuole e università - Semplici strutture governative Comprende i punti chiave di argomenti familiari che riguardano la scuola, il tempo libero ecc. Sa muoversi con disinvoltura in situazioni che possono verificarsi mentre viaggia nel Paese di cui parla la lingua. È in grado di produrre un testo semplice relativo ad argomenti che siano familiari o di interesse personale. È in grado di esprimere esperienze ed avvenimenti, sogni, speranze e ambizioni e di spiegare brevemente le ragioni delle sue opinioni e dei suoi progetti. B1- Livello intermedio Cambridge Preliminary (PET), BEC Preliminary, IELTS level 4, English TOEFL score 57-86 (reference books) Lingua Inglese Docente: Dott.ssa Elizabeth Hernández Email: elizabeth.hernandez@unitus.it Bibliography: 1. English Grammar in use fourth edition with answers and ebook ISBN 9781107539334. English Grammar in Use Book with Answers and Interactive eBook: Self-Study Reference and Practice Book for Intermediate Learners of English [Lingua inglese], di Raymond Murphy. 2. SMART GRAMMAR ISBN 9788853615671. Smartgrammar. LibroLIM. Per le Scuole superiori. Con DVD. Con espansione online Copertina flessibile – di N. Iandelli (Autore), R. Zizzo (Autore), A. Smith (Autore), J. Humphies (Autore) 3. LIFE PRE-INTERMEDIATE: Life. Pre-intermediate. Student's book. Per le Scuole superiori. Con DVD-ROM. Con e-book. Con espansione online: Life Pre-Intermediate Student's Book + DVD [Lingua inglese], di Helen Stephenson (Autore), Paul Dummett (Autore), John Hughes. (BOOK AND WORKBOOK) ISBN: - Book-978113315704 4. Dispense di Grammatica livello A1-B1+.	5	L-LIN/12	40	-	-	-	Final examination and foreign language test	-	ITA
17870 - Lingua inglese idoneità	5		40	-	-	-	Final examination and foreign language test		ITA

18182 - Zoologia generale e sistematica (objectives)

- ZAPPAROLI Marzio (syllabus)

PROGRAM

I. Introductory and general concepts
Main chemical constituents of animals and their meaning: elements, inorganic compounds (water, mineral salts) and organic (proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids).
Prokaryotic cell and eukaryotic cell: structure and functions. Mitosis.
Reproduction (agamic and gamic). Meiosis. Hermaphroditism. Generation alternation. Parthenogenesis. Meaning of sexuality. Sexual dimorphism.
Notes on the embryonic and post-embryonic development of animals.
Evolution: theories, mechanisms and tests; Darwinism and synthetic theory.
Species concepts. The typological concept. The biological concept of species, the population as an evolutionary unit.
The mechanisms of speciation (allopatric model, sympatric model).

II. Animals and the environment
Abiotic and biotic factors. Habitat. Concept of population in ecology (growth curves, reproductive strategies, -r and -K selection). Communities (zoocenosis, taxocenosis). Ecosystem. The concept of fauna *.
The interspecific relationships (predation, competition, symbiosis and parasitism, adaptive coloring, mimicry, cryptism) and intraspecific (animal colonies and societies, competition and sexual selection, territory).
The ecological niche. Aquatic environments (marine, inland waters) and terrestrial environments, characteristics and adaptations. The biomes. Notes on zoogeography: general principles, definitions, zoogeographic regions.

III. Animal diversity
The concept of Biodiversity. Animal diversity and its meaning. Principles of Zoological classification, Linnean taxonomic categories.
Systematic ordering at class level, general body organizational plan, biology, ecological role and evolutionary aspects of the "Protozoa" and the following animal phyla: Porifera, Cnidaria, Plathyelminthes (Turbellaria, Trematoda, Cestoda), Nematoda, Mollusca (Bivalvia, Gastropoda, Cephalopoda), Annelida(Polychaeta, Oligochaeta, Irudinea), Arthropoda (Arachnida, Crustacea, Myriapoda, Hexapoda), Echinoderma, Chordata (Urochordata, Cephalochordata). Introduction to Vertebrata.

(reference books)

6

BIO/05

46

-

Basic compulsory activities

-

ITA

118646 - Botanica

- Botanica generale (objectives)

- Di Filippo Alfredo (syllabus) (reference books)

6

BIO/03

48

-

Basic compulsory activities

-

ITA

Second semester

Course

Credits

Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code

Contact Hours

Exercise Hours

Laboratory Hours

Personal Study Hours

Type of Activity

Optional materials and exam in a foreign language

Language

118621 - Genetica forestale (objectives)

- PAGNOTTA Mario augusto (syllabus) (reference books)

6

AGR/07

48

-

Basic compulsory activities

-

ITA

118622 - Cartografia e sistemi informativi geografici (objectives)

- RIPA Maria Nicolina (syllabus) (reference books)

6

AGR/10

48

-

Core compulsory activities

-

ITA

118646 - Botanica

- Diversità vegetale (objectives)

- SCOPPOLA Anna

6

BIO/03

48

-

Basic compulsory activities

-

ITA

Optional group: Abilità informatiche e statistiche - (show)

3

118624 - Abilità informatiche e statistiche (objectives) To introduce the student to the main functions of the text analysis and spreadsheet office packages. Let the student know the theoretical and experimental bases of biometrics and the use of statistical tests. - PAGNOTTA Mario augusto (syllabus) Application of software for text processing. With particular reference to text revisions and the use of cross-references (summary). Application of software for the use of a spreadsheet and data processing. Functions, order data, cross-references, creation of graphs. Population and statistical sample; Sampling procedures; Quantiles. Variance and average; Chi square test; Normal distribution; Correlation and Regression. (reference books) Whitlock MM, Schluter D (2010) Analisi statistica dei dati biologici. Ed. Zanichelli, Bologna. ISBN 978-88-08-06297 Camussi A., Moller F., Ottaviano E., Sari Gorla M. (1995). METODI STATISTICI PER LA SPERIMENTAZIONE BIOLOGICA. Zanichelli Editore, Bologna.	3		24	-	-	-	Other activities	-	ITA
118642 - Abilità informatiche e statistiche (idoneità)	3		24	-	-	-	Other activities		ITA

18213 - Botany

12

BIO/03

92

-

4

-

Basic compulsory activities

ITA

Degree Course: Science of Forest and Nature Syllabus for A.Y. 2019/2020