18450 -
Biologia cellulare e molecolare animale e immunologia comparata
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SCAPIGLIATI Giuseppe
( syllabus)
The animal cell. Structure of cell membranes. Plasma membrane. Intracellular compartments. The cytoplasm and intracellular organelles. The cytoskeleton and associated proteins. Intracellular compartments and intracellular vesicle trafficking. Extracellular matrix, basal membrane, intercellular junctions. Cell communications and cell signalling. Receptors and intracellular signalling, signal transduction. Cell cycle, and its regulation, Apoptosis, Micro RNAs, CRISPR/CAS. Specialization of animal cells: physiology, omeostasis. Cell cultures, technologies of cell cultures, cell communities, staminal cells. Cell Factorie, synthetic cells, 3D cell cultures. Immune defences, evolution of immune defences, innate immunity, acquired immunity. Cells and molecules of immune systems. Immunological and immunodiagnostic techniques. Monoclonal antibodies and their use.
( reference books)
Gerald Karp, BIOLOGIA CELLULARE E MOLECOLARE, Ed. EDISES
Ginelli, M. Malcovati, MOLECOLE, CELLULE E ORGANISMI, Ed. EDISES
A. Abbas, AH. Lichtman, S Pillai,LE BASI DELL'IMMUNOLOGIA. FISIOPATOLOGIA DEL SISTEMA IMMUNITARIO, Ed. EDRA
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8
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BIO/05
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56
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8
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Core compulsory activities
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ITA |
18452 -
Bioetica
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HARFOUCHE Antoine
( syllabus)
Course description:
Sustainable and responsible development is where scientific innovations are incorporated into the productive, social, and cultural systems. Questions related to the ethical, legal, and social implications of biotechnological advances are continuously arising in Italy and abroad.
Bioethics represents a strong appeal to conscience asking in which direction is humanity guiding the scientific progress and what are the criteria for judging it, whether it is good or bad.
The strategic role assumed by science in the biotechnological and socio-economic fields pushed scientists and researchers to seek social consensus around their activities, making science communication "public outreach" an absolute necessity.
This course presents the main issues that bioethics is called to face today in the field of biotechnology. Furthermore, it addresses the following questions: how to judge advanced biotechnological applications in the agro-forestry, agri-environmental, agri-food, and biomedical sectors from an ethical point of view? Is biotechnology safe, acceptable, and responsible? What questions does it raise? What are the possible advantages, risks, benefits, and/or costs of its possible use?
Course objectives:
The course provides students with basic knowledge on bioethics. Students will have the opportunity to learn the most relevant cases concerning: agro-forestry, agro-environmental, and agro-food biotechnologies, medical biotechnologies, intellectual property, and socio-scientific aspects. The course also aims to lead students to reflect and adjudicate controversies and debates on ethical issues in biotechnology and to help them develop a decision-making model of bioethics after critical ethical reasoning.
Science and ethics (8 hours)
• Introduction to bioethics
• Bioethics and biotechnological sciences
• Introduction to agro-forestry, agri-environmental, and agri-food biotechnologies
Bioethics in the field of medical biotechnologies (8 hours)
• Gene therapy and ethical considerations
• Give up on gene therapy? (a case study)
• Stem cells and bioethics
Bioethics and biotechnology (8 hours)
• Ethics and genetic engineering in the agricultural and forestry sector
• Public opinion and acceptance of agro-forestry biotechnologies
• Environmental impact of genetically modified organisms (GMOs)
• Hungry for Science: how biotechnology is kept out of Africa? (a case study)
Bioethics, biotechnology, and intellectual property (8 hours)
• Patent protection of biotechnologies
• Ethical objections to the patentability of biotechnologies
• Biotechnological patent - insulin (a case study)
• The Harvard oncomouse (a case study)
• The Upjohn mouse (a case study)
Bioethics decision-making model and ethical reasoning (16 hours)
• Ethical issues in human gene therapy (3 case studies)
• The boy in the plastic bubble (a case study)
• COVID-19 vaccine (a case study)
• Golden rice project (a case study)
• Can biotechnology be open-source?
• BiOS, an open-source science initiative
• PIPRA, enabling access to public innovation
How to effectively communicate bioscience advances (8 hours)
• Storytelling
• Narratives
• Bioethics retreat
( reference books)
Teaching materials will be provided by the professor during the course and will be made available to all students on the platform and Google Drive.
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7
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AGR/05
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48
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8
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Related or supplementary learning activities
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ITA |
Optional group:
gruppo OPZIONALE affini e integrativi A11 - (show)
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12
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16981 -
Biotecnologia della postraccolta dei prodotti ortofrutticoli
(objectives)
The course is focusing on the main preservation, biotecnological processing and packaging techniques of the postharvest fruits and vegetables, as well as providing the basic knowledge to explain the relationship between manufacturing processes and foodstuff composition. At the end,the principal food packaging techniques will be discussed.
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BOTONDI Rinaldo
( syllabus)
Storage of plant products: causes of nutritional decay. Storage technologies selection. Ethylene biosyntesis. Ethylene: climateric and non-climateric fruits. Postharvest study of the ethylene metabolism; ripening competency of fruits; signal perception and transduction. Ethylene inhibitors. Molecular studies on the ripening processess of some fruits. Fruit quality standards. Biochemistry of some alterations of plant foods. Features of cold storage technologies. Postharvest handling of fruits and vegetables. Controlled and modified atmospheres. New technologies: ozone technology in industrial field of fresh fruit and vegetables.
( reference books)
Electronic handouts/materials provided by the teacher.
Conservazione degli Ortofrutticoli Autori Anelli e Mencarelli
Postharvest Physiology of Perishable Plant Products. Autore Stanley J. Kays. Exon Press, Athens, GA
Power Point slides
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6
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AGR/15
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40
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8
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Related or supplementary learning activities
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ITA |
17531 -
Metodologie biochimiche
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Derived from
15300 METODOLOGIE BIOCHIMICHE in SCIENZE BIOLOGICHE (L-13) L-13 0 BERTINI Laura
( syllabus)
Traditional lessons (front up) (40 hours)
Buffer systems. Ionization of amino acids and proteins as a function of pH. The principles of biochemical research. Error theory. Accuracy and precision. (2 hours)
Centrifugation. Basic principles of sedimentation. Centrifuges and their use. Rotors. Separation methods in the preparative centrifugation. Differential centrifugation. Density gradient centrifugation. Analytical ultracentrifugation. (4 hours)
Spectrophotometry: laws and applications. Lambert-Beer law. Absorption spectrum of nuclei acids and proteins. Spectrophotometric determination of protein concentration: Biuret, Lowry and Bradford methods. Enzyme dosing. Studies on accessibility of ionizable residues in native proteins. Fluorescence and phosphorescence. (7 hours)
Strategies for isolation and purification of proteins. Cellular extraction methods. Dialysis and ultrafiltration. Fractional precipitation with salts, with organic solvents, to the isoelectric point, to heat. (3 hours)
Chromatographic methods: adsorption and partition chromatography, ion exchange, molecular exclusion, affinity, hydrophobic interaction, HPLC, gas chromatography. Efficiency of chromatographic procedures and selection of a convenient method. (6 hours)
Electrophoresis: theory and laws. Classification of electrophoretic methods. Free phase and zonal electrophoresis. Equipment for zonal electrophoresis gel. Gel electrophoresis under native and denaturing conditions (SDS-PAGE). Application of SDS-PAGE. Western blotting. Isoelectrofocusing: principles, equipment and methods. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Capillary electrophoresis. (5 hours)
Studies on the structure of proteins. Determination of amino acid composition, free cysteines, amino acid sequence and disulphide bridges. (4 hours)
Mass spectrometry: principles and application in modern proteomic analysis. (3 hours)
Structural characterization of nucleic acids. PCR. DNA sequencing: automated Sanger method. Southern and Northern blotting. (6 hours)
Laboratory activities (8 hours)
Determination of the protein concentration of an unknown sample using the Bradford method. Construction of the calibration line both manually on millimeter paper and using the least squares method and comparison of the obtained results. Spectrophotometer display of absorption spectrum of a protein with prosthetic groups and one without and discussion of results (4 hours).
Preparation of a polyacrylamide gel in the presence of SDS (SDS-PAGE) and electrophoretic run with pre-stained molecular weight markers, in order to follow the protein mobility during the electrophoretic process. Illustration of devices for the preparation of agarose gel for nucleic acids and western blotting (4 hours).
( reference books)
Wilson K., Walker J. Principles and techniques of practical biochemistry. 8th ed., 2018, Cambridge University Press.
Handouts are provided by the teacher for practical laboratory activities.
Lessons slides can be downloaded at:
https://moodle.unitus.it/moodle/course/view.php?id=627
Non-attending students are encouraged to contact the teacher for information about the program, teaching materials, and the examination mode.
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6
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BIO/10
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40
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8
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Related or supplementary learning activities
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ITA |
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17721 -
Principi di patologia e biofarmaceutica
(objectives)
The main target is to provide the Students with basic knowledge in the field of vaccinology in general and about some pathogens in particular, including topics of pathology and pathogenesis, research and development, manufacturing, and licensing of vaccines. The Student is expected to acquire knowledge of the impact of infectious diseases and vaccinations on the public health and economy, of non-clinical and clinical studies, of the main aspects of development and manufacturing, and of the role of the Regulatory Agencies. As for the pathogens that will be treated in detail, the Student is expected to acquire specific knowledge on the nature of the pathogen, epidemiology, pathology and pathogenesis, and of the corresponding vaccines (available or under investigation).
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Ruggiero Paolo
( syllabus)
The course is focused on some infectious diseases and the related vaccines, describing the path from the pathogen to the vaccine, including basic information on the pathology of the infections, and on the aspects of research and development, manufacturing, and licensing of vaccines. Some pathogens are described for which vaccines are already available on the market, and other main pathogens for which vaccines are in the research and development phase.
Part of the course is dedicated to mention historical and general aspects of vaccination, development, production and commercialization of vaccines: immune system effectors, non-clinical and clinical studies, current rules for animal experiments, regulatory activities, efficacy of population vaccinations.
Another part of the course consists of series of lessons dedicated to the individual pathogens. In particular, the following pathogens are treated: Poliovirus, Helicobacter pylori, Streptococcus pneumoniae, influenza virus, and pathogens causing pandemics. For each pathogen are treated historical aspects, relevance to the public health, elements of epidemiology, microbiology, pathology, vaccine research and development, efficacy of therapies and vaccines. Moreover, the current situation of the mandatory vaccinations and of the main recommended vaccinations in Italy is described.
During the course, even on the basis of possible suggestions from the Students, further pathogens or topics of particular scientific interest and relevant to the course can be identified, to whom specific lessons can be dedicated.
The course is held in Italian language, but part of the didactic material, including PowerPoint presentations, is in English language.
( reference books)
The reference book is: Plotkin’s Vaccines, 7th edition, Elsevier 2017, available at the University Library. This book can be used for possible clarification and deepening of the topics of the lessons.
The main reference material to prepare for the exam is represented by the lesson presentations that will be made available, in PDF format, in the “moodle” portal or in an equivalent place, as didactic material.
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6
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BIO/13
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40
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Related or supplementary learning activities
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ITA |
15054 -
Patologia vegetale e principi di biotecnologie fitopatologiche
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VETTRAINO Anna maria
( syllabus)
Il corso fornisce i concetti base della Patologia Vegetale con accenni di applicazioni biotecnologiche e di diagnostica fitopatologica:
Concetto di malattia; classificazione delle malattie (infettive-non infettive; localizzate o sistemiche; in base ai sintomi; in base ai meccanismi patogenetici; in base alle alterazioni fisiologiche funzionali); il triangolo della malattia; sintomatologia; ciclo della malattia; resistenza pre-infezionale e post-infezionale; resistenza orizzontale e verticale; concetto gene per gene; razze fisiologiche del patogeno; resistenza varietale; sistema di elicitori-recettori (specifici e generali); reazione ipersensibile; SAR e ISR; la diagnostica fitopatologica: sintomatologica, ad juvantibus, biologica, microscopica, serologica, molecolare (tecniche PCR e NGS); cenni di batteriologia (inclusi fitoplasmi); cenni di micologia; cenni di virologia; esempi di fitopatie
( reference books)
Fondamenti di Patologia Vegetale – Alberto Matta
Plant Pathology – G.N. Agrios
Patologia Vegetale – Giuseppe Belli
Materiale su piattaforma MOODLE
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6
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AGR/12
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40
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8
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Related or supplementary learning activities
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ITA |
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