| BIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION
(objectives)
(A) Educational Objectives: The aim of the course is to deepen the understanding of the most important evolutionary theories, the mechanisms of evolutionary change, and the significance of both historical and contemporary evolutionary processes in generating and shaping the structure of biological diversity at all levels of organization. Additionally, knowledge will be provided on the applications of evolutionary biology principles and methods to fields such as natural resource exploitation and management, nature conservation, climate change biology, invasion biology, medicine, and agriculture.
(B) Expected Learning Outcomes:
1) Knowledge and understanding: Understand how evolutionary processes operate and interact over time and space, influencing biodiversity and species adaptation. 2) Applied knowledge and understanding: (a) Apply evolutionary analysis methods and tools to interpret biological data, such as phylogenetic analyses and population genetics studies; (b) develop the ability to design and conduct experiments to test evolutionary hypotheses, analyzing and interpreting the results obtained. 3) Autonomy of judgment: The knowledge and practical application will enable critical evaluation of different evolutionary theories and the scientific evidence supporting them. 4) Communication skills: The knowledge and practical application will also provide the means to clearly and effectively communicate evolutionary biology concepts and experimental results to both specialist and non-specialist audiences, using appropriate communication tools, including scientific articles, oral presentations, and posters. 5) Learning skills: Learning ability will be assessed through exercises and presentations of scientific work, demonstrating the level of understanding of the topics covered and the ability to adapt and integrate new knowledge and emerging techniques in the field of evolutionary biology.
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Code
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118949 |
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Language
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ITA |
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Type of certificate
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Profit certificate
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Credits
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6
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Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code
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BIO/07
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Contact Hours
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48
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Type of Activity
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Related or supplementary learning activities
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Teacher
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FRANCHINI Paolo
(syllabus)
Program
1) Introduction - What is evolution? - History of evolutionary thought. - Evidence of evolution: from DNA to phenotype.
2) Phylogenesis and the History of Life - Interpretation of phylogenetic trees. - Phylogenetic inference. - Dating using the molecular clock. - Biogeography and phylogeography. - Concepts in the macroevolution of traits: adaptation, homology, and evolvability. - Using phylogeny to study phenotypic evolution: comparative methods. - Taxonomy in a phylogenetic context. - The fossil record. - The origin of life.
3) Natural Selection and Adaptation - Natural selection, adaptation, and fitness. - Units and levels of selection; selection on populations; parental selection and inclusive fitness; selection and quantitative traits; response to selection: natural and experimental populations. - Limits and constraints of evolution. - Evolution of biological systems. - Phenotypic plasticity and norm of reaction. - Form and function. - Biochemical and physiological adaptation. - Ecological niche. - Adaptation to biotic factors.
4) Evolutionary Processes - Mutation. - Genetic drift. - Geographic variation. - Population structure. - Recombination and sex. - Genetic load. - Inbreeding. - Selfish genetic elements and genetic conflict.
5) Speciation and Microevolution - Species and speciation; Patterns of speciation; Geography, Range Evolution, and Speciation. - Speciation and natural selection. - Gene flow, hybridization, and speciation. - Coevolution and speciation. - Genetics of speciation. - Speciation and genome evolution. - Adaptive radiation. - Causes and consequences of extinction. - Evolutionary innovations. - Evolution of communities.
6) Human evolution - Evolutionary history of primates. - Demography and evolution of Homo sapiens.
(reference books)
1) Evolution. Futuyma DJ and Kirkpatrick M, Oxford University Press Inc, 2017 2) Evolution: Making Sense of Life. Zimmer C, W.H. Freeman & Co Ltd, 2015
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Dates of beginning and end of teaching activities
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From to |
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Delivery mode
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Traditional
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Attendance
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not mandatory
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Evaluation methods
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Oral exam
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