| ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING LABORATORY |
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Code
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119008 |
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Language
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ITA |
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Type of certificate
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Profit certificate
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| Module: MODULE A - CHEMICAL MONITORING
(objectives)
The course introduces and deepens the concepts and main experimental approaches on the chemical aspects of environmental monitoring through the knowledge and practice of the main instrumental methods for the qualitative and quantitative chemical analysis of organic and inorganic substances present in the environment. Knowledge will focus in particular on chemical monitoring of water and soil.
A) Educational objectives: To build a theoretical and applicative competence on the chemical aspects of environmental monitoring.
B) Expected learning results:
1) Knowledge and understanding: the knowledge will concern in particular the chemical monitoring of superficial water and soil;
2) Knowledge and comprehension skills applied: part of the course will be dedicated to carrying out practical exercises from an applicative applicative point of view, simulating real situations;
3) Autonomy of judgment: knowledge and practical application will allow autonomy of judgment and planning skills;
4) Communication skills: knowledge and application practice will also be useful in the development of communication skills through the reading and interpretation of the instrumental data obtained;
5) Ability to learn: the ability to learn will be evaluated through exercises concerning theory and interpretation of instrumental data.
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Language
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ITA |
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Type of certificate
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Profit certificate
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Credits
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6
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Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code
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CHIM/06
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Contact Hours
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24
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Exercise Hours
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24
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Type of Activity
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Basic compulsory activities
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Teacher
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CAPECCHI Eliana
(syllabus)
Data quality: Main validation parameters of an analytical method: limits of detection and quantification, sensitivity, robustness, recovery, and use of certified materials; concept of analytical uncertainty with reference to legal limits and the interpretation of experimental data; expression of analytical results; systematic and random contributions to uncertainty. (DM 260/2010, Annex 1, Pages 29-30)
Primary environmental applications of atomic and molecular spectroscopy: flame and graphite furnace atomic absorption; plasma spectroscopy, ICP-MS.
Sampling and sample preparation: representativeness of sampling in relation to the sampling technique used; sample preservation; sample compatibility with instrumental techniques; sample pre-treatment: liquid-liquid and liquid-solid extractions; sample purification.
Principles of Organic Analytical Chemistry: Separation of mixtures: crystallization, solvent extraction: supercritical fluid extractions, distillation, chromatography. Chromatography: theoretical considerations, partition coefficient, resolution, the concept of theoretical plate. Types of chromatography: adsorption, partition, ion exchange, exclusion. Chromatographic methods: TLC, Gas Chromatography, HPLC. Spectroscopy: the electromagnetic spectrum, interaction between radiation and matter, the effect of chemical structure on absorption, Lambert-Beer's law. UV-Vis, IR spectroscopy. Calibration methods: external calibration, use of internal standards, method of additions.
Environmental Chemistry:
• Water: alkalinity and acidity, oxidation-reduction reactions, complexation, and chelation.
Organic and inorganic pollutants:
• Organic: hydrocarbons; polymers; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), dioxins.
• Inorganic: N-NH4, N-NO3, total phosphorus, and dissolved oxygen (LIMeco descriptor). (DM 260/2010, Annex 1, Pages 62-64)
Laboratory exercises: liquid-liquid extraction, analysis of N-NH4 and N-NO3 spectrophotometrically, analysis of organic pollutants using GC-MS (Analytical Methods for Water-APAT, IRSA).
(reference books)
Chimica Ambientale, Casa Editrice: Zanichelli; Autore: C. Baird.
Identificazione spettrometrica di composti organici; Editore: Zanichelli; Autore: R. M. Silverstein
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Dates of beginning and end of teaching activities
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From to |
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Delivery mode
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Traditional
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Attendance
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not mandatory
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Evaluation methods
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Oral exam
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| Module: MODULE B - BIOLOGICAL MONITORING
(objectives)
Understanding the meaning of the use of biological indicators for environmental monitoring. Acquisition of general skills for the use of the biological methodologies provided for by the laws in force on environmental monitoring, in particular that of aquatic systems, through the integral application of a biological index.
A) Educational objectives: to develop design and execution skills for biological monitoring according to the principles and methods contained in current European and Italian legislation.
B) Expected learning results:
1) Knowledge and understanding: The acquired knowledge will concern the general principles on which biological monitoring activities are based, the methodological processes for the implementation of monitoring campaigns, and the determination of biological indices of environmental quality.
2) Knowledge and comprehension skills applied: The application of knowledge will be focused on a methodological study of the indexes currently used to assess the ecological status of environmental matrices, considering in particular soil and inner watercourses, through practical activities in the field and in the laboratory.
3) Autonomy of judgment: The ability to formulate independent assessments can be exercised in the interpretation phase of the results, coordinating the heterogeneous data to arrive at motivated judgments.
4) Communication skills: These skills will be developed through the exercise of one's own expression (interventions during the lessons) and in the coordination of group activities.
5) Ability to learn: The methodological study can allow the extension of the concepts and practices to the monitoring application to other environmental matrices.
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Language
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ITA |
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Type of certificate
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Profit certificate
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Credits
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6
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Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code
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BIO/05
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Contact Hours
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24
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Exercise Hours
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24
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Type of Activity
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Core compulsory activities
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Teacher
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BELLATI Adriana
(syllabus)
Changes in environmental quality, pollution and environmental monitoring (quality of air, soil, water);
Biological monitoring of air: atmosphere and impacts; bioindicators of air quality; IBL index.
Biological monitoring of soil: soil matrix and impacts; bioindicators of soil quality; QBS index.
In-depth activity: sampling techniques and recognition of pedofauna; determination of the QBS-ar index.
Biological monitoring of costal waters: general aspects and impacts; bioindicators and ecological indices; legal aspects (WFD amd MSD).
Biological monitoring of inland water bodies: general characteristics of inland waters: classification and impacts; biological indices (of diversity, the saprobic system and the biotic indices -BMWP, ASPT, IBE).
The river: self-purifying capacity, metabolic efficiency, river continuum concept, ecological and hydroclimatic factors;
The European Water Framework Directive (2000/60 / EC): typing, different types of monitoring, reference conditions;
The elements of biological quality (EQB): Macroinvertebrates, Macrophytes, Diatoms and Pisces;
In-depth activity: definition of the ecological status of a river course through macrobenthos and the elements of chemical-physical and hydromorphological quality in support; determination of the STAR_ICMi index.
The most recent methodologies for the isolation and the analysis of diagnostic DNA markers for the resolution of the biological diversity for environmental monitoring: sampling techniques, including complex environmental matrices, collection and biological conservation tools.
(reference books)
Water Framework Directive (2000/60/CE)
IRSA manuals
ISPRA manuals
Atlases and identification cards
The textbooks will be provided by the teacher, who will indicate the links for the retrieval
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Dates of beginning and end of teaching activities
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From to |
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Delivery mode
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Traditional
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Attendance
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not mandatory
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Evaluation methods
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Oral exam
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