The first module aims to analyze the historical evolution of international criminal justice, starting from the establishment of the Nuremberg Tribunal to the creation of the International Criminal Court. Additionally, the module will provide the main tools for understanding the subject, through the study of general principles and the most relevant international norms, and the analysis of interactions between international criminal tribunals, states, and international organizations. The last part of the module will be dedicated to the discussion of some cases and a collective reflection on the role of international criminal justice.

The second part aims to provide students with a general understanding of the current developments and future challenges in international and European criminal justice. Particular attention will be paid to the issue of corporate responsibility for international crimes and ecocide. These issues will be analyzed through the lens of the function of punishment in international criminal law. In addition, the Russian-Ukrainian conflict will provide an opportunity to reflect on current trends in international punitive justice (e.g., smart sanctions).

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