1st PART - Snow Science: 12 HOURS OF LECTURES AND 2 DAYS OF EXERCISES ON SITE (each day of 6 hours)
2nd PART - Glaciology: 12 HOURS OF LECTURES AND 2 DAYS OF EXERCISES ON SITE (each day of 6 hours)

1st PART - Snow Science: 12 HOURS OF LECTURES AND 2 DAYS OF EXERCISES ON SITE (24 hours in total)
Lesson SS-G 1: Introduction to the course. The cryosphere. Introduction to glaciology and to Snow Sciences, aims and methodology – “Mountaineering expedition and progresses of glaciological and environmental research in high altitude” (1 hour)
Lesson SS 2 – Introduction to Snow Sciences, Atmospheric condition, seasonal snow precipitation: genesis and classification of crystals (1 hour)
Lesson SS 3: The snow on the ground: type of snow and metamorphism of the snow on the ground
Lesson SS 4: The calculation of temperature gradient in the snow profile and application: tools and methods in Snow Sciences: the snow profile (1 hour)

Practice exercises on the snow EN1-EN6: surveys and safety on the snow on the ground: snow stratigraphy and profile (6 hours)

Lesson SS 5: Snow stability and its evaluation: the snow movements (1 hour)
Lesson SS 6: The avalanches: features and classification: the competent authorities in Italy (1 hour)
Lesson SS 7: The avalanche hazard: the avalanche forecast bulletin – reading and evaluation (1 hour)
Lesson SS 8: The avalanche risk: the mitigation and Structural avalanche protection
(1 hour)
Lesson SS 9: Snow avalanche mapping (1 hour)
Lesson SS 10: Digital Snow avalanche mapping in Italy (1 hour)
Lesson SS 11: Snow avalanche rescue operation (1 hour)
Lesson SS 12: Italian lows framework on snow avalnanche(1 hour)

Practice exercises on the snow EN7-EN12: avalanche safety and rescue operation (6 hours)

Total time: 12 hours of lessons and 12 of field exercises = 24 hours



2nd PART - Cryosphere, the Ice, the Glacier and Glaciology: 12 HOURS OF LECTURES AND EXERCISES ON SITE (24 hours in total)

Lesson G 1: Italian mountain and high mountain environment (Latium Apennine). Verification of personal knowledge: conceptual map of Italian mountain, in particular Apennine (1 hour)
Lesson G 2: From the snow to ice. Ice chemistry and phisyc. The glacier: features and classification (1 ora)
Lesson G 3: Distribution of the glacier: italian glacier, sea ice, ice in the cave, buried ice (1 hour)
Lesson G 4: The calculation of ice mass balance of the glacier (1 hour)
Lesson G 5: The study case of the ghiacciaio del Calderone (1 hour)
Lesson G 6: Zone of methamorfism. Movement of the glacier. Velocity and thickness of the ice and method measure (1 hour)
Lesson G 7: Glacial processes and landforms. Glacial morphogenesis and morphologia – flux landforms – Glacial erosion and landforms and cartography -Glacial transport and deposition – Moraines – fluvioglacial and subglacial deposition. (1 hour)
Lesson G 8: Permafrost and periglacial processes and landforms (1 hour)
Lesson G 9: Paraglacial evolution (1 hour)
Lesson G 10: Glacial fluctuation and cronology. Snow and ice deposit as climatic and environmental archive. Risks of glacial environment (introduction) (1 hour).
Lessons G 11 and G 12: Displaying and analysis in GIS opensource (Qgis) environment of glacial evolution and changes in global warming framework: the glaciers of the Alps (2 hours)

Practice exercises of high mountain environment and geomorphology 1 - EG1-EG6: Glacial geomorphology and cartography (6 hours)

Practice exercises of high mountain environment and geomorphology 2 - EG7-EG12: Periglacial and paraglacial geomorphology and cartography (6 hours)

Total time: 12 hours of lessons and 12 of field exercises = 24 hours

Claudio Smiraglia. Guida ai ghiacciai e alla glaciologia - Forme, fluttuazioni, ambienti. Zanichelli, 1992
IMONT e AIGEO (AA.VV.) - Testimoni di una montagna scomparsa. Bononia University press. 2006
Ballantyne Colin – Paraglacial Geomorphology. C.K. Ballantyne / Quaternary Science Reviews 21 (2002) 1935–2017AINEVA. Meteorologia alpina. https://aineva.it/pubblicazioni/metereologia-alpina/
AINEVA. La neve. https://aineva.it/pubblicazioni/la-neve/
AINEVA. Le valanghe. https://aineva.it/pubblicazioni/le-valanghe/
IACS (International Association of Cryospheric Science) - GLOSSARY OF GLACIER MASS BALANCE AND RELATED TERMS. https://wgms.ch/downloads/Cogley_etal_2011.pdf
https://wgms.ch/downloads/FoG_Submission_instructions.pdf
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-glaciology/article/randolph-glacier-inventory-a-globally-complete-inventory-of-glaciers/730D4CC76E0E3EC1832FA3F4D90691CE