Teacher
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MULEO Rosario
(syllabus)
Lectures will be supported by powerpoint presentations of the issues and will be available to students. In addition, novelty articles, which are published during the teaching period, will be distributed and discussed with the aims to advance the knowledge on the topics of the teaching subjects. Gene network regulation of development and production: branching and tree vigour, changing phase, alternate fruit bearing, flower induction, fruit development and maturation, postharvest fruit regulation. The genetic network that controls plant interaction with biotic and environmental factors: a) photoreceptors and regulation of shadow avoidance response, phase changing, photoperiodic rhythmic responses; b) temperature receptors system and adaptive responses to high and low temperatures, vernalization and flower development and fruiting; c) flooding and adaptive response; d) water and minerals sensors and regulating plant nutrition and metabolite compounds; e) communication between plants (and scion-rootstock) and plant with other organisms; e) plant gene regulation host/parasite-predators: the case of Erwinia amylovora (Fire blight, Pseudomonas spp; Venturia, etc.). Plant organs: fruit and leaf as bio-factory of structural and secondary metabolites. Genetic and epigenetics regulation of secondary metabolites synthesis and catabolism: apple and grape mutants cases. Use of bioinformatics for the detection and isolation of functional allelic genes (and orthologs), small RNAs and methylation status of regulatory sequences playing an important role into relevant biological processes. Overview of isolation, cloning, sequencing of functional genes and/or functional sequences; generation of constructs to apply in improvement biotechnology programmes. Gene transfer in woody plants. Innovative techniques for studying gene expression and epigenetics. Molecular tools as markers for assisted selection and genetic improvement. Main biotechnological improvement fruit crop plants, examples. The experiences of transgenes in fruit tree species and new system to reduce juvenility and applying of Cisgenome and Editing genome. The relevant plant and productive traits that require biotechnology and genetic improvement among the main fruit tree species.
Laboratory exercises will take place in the Laboratory of Molecular eco-physiology of woody plants and tissue culture ( rooms 232-234) and 2CFU (16 hrs) will be dedicated. Practice exercises will be by conducted in the laboratory to complete the acquisition of the technologies: On fruit crops plants, it will run on: nucleic acid extraction, purification and quantitative and qualitative assessment; phylogenetic analysis of the extra- and intra-species diversity applying molecular markers (AFLP, SSR, EST, etc.). Particular attention will be paid to the HRM and ARMS techniques for the analysis of SNPs markers and methylation status (developed in the laboratory), semi-quantitative and quantitative allelic expression analysis; epigenetic analysis of cloned plants for the verification of the genetic identity with random and dedicate procedures (M-SAP, EpiHRMAssay, etc). Finally, bioinformatic tools will be also used to tanscriptome and genome analyses, and biological function analysis.
(reference books)
Biodiversity, Chapman & Hall, London, 1988 G. Valle, M. Helmer Citterich, M. Attimonelli, G. Pesole., Introduzione alla Bioinformatica, Zanichelli, 2003 LITZ R.E., BIOTECHNOLOGY OF FRUIT AND NUT CROPS., CABI PUBLISHING, 2004 Articoli e materiale didattico forniti direttamente dal docente
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