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Code
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119047 |
Language
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ITA |
Type of certificate
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Profit certificate
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Module: .
(objectives)
The course aims to provide the basic knowledge on the characteristics and functions of the soil and its inorganic and organic components, on the dynamics of nutrients in the soil and their availability for plants and, finally, on the role of macro- and micronutrients in plant metabolism. and their mobility in the environment. The aim of the course is to provide students with adequate knowledge of the chemical, biochemical, physiological and molecular aspects that influence, at the level of the soil-plant system (rhizosphere), the ability of plants to acquire nutrients with the aim of defining the basis for the development of biotechnological strategies, both at the level of plants and cultivation practice, aimed at achieving greater nutritional efficiency, understood as the best use of available resources, in order to optimize productivity both in good quality soils and in degraded soils. In particular, based on chemical and physical characteristics of soils, the student is expected to evaluate its fertility and interpret the data.
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Language
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ITA |
Type of certificate
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Profit certificate
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Credits
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6
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Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code
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AGR/13
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Contact Hours
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48
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Type of Activity
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Core compulsory activities
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Teacher
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ASTOLFI Stefania
(syllabus)
Introduction: Soil and its definitions Physical Properties of Soil: soil texture, soil structure, and soil temperature Chemical Properties of Soil: pH; Cation and Anion exchange capacity; C:N ratio (Carbon to Nitrogen) Soil degradation
Biogeochemical Cycling: Inputs and Outputs of Nutrients to Ecosystems (N, S and P cycle)
Soil organic matter (SOM) General characteristics, composition, physical, chemical and biological properties
Indicators of soil quality and health Soil microbial biomass: Definition, composition, main characteristics and functions Methods to study microbial biomass. Carbon mineralization. Soil respiration and its components. The metabolic quotient (qCO2)
Soil enzymes General characteristics and properties. Localization, origin and classification. Functions and stability. Biontic and abiontic, accumulated enzymes. Determination of enzymatic activities: real vs. potential activity. Microbial specific activity.
Soil-root interaction: the rhizosphere The rhizosphere: a site of interactions among plants, soil and microrganisms. Rhizodepositions: classification, chemical characteristics, biochemical functions, release processes.
Soil pollution
Biochar
(reference books)
There is no single textbook that covers the content of the entire course.
Selected chapters of the following textbooks: Taiz e Zeiger, Fisiologia vegetale, Piccin Maffei, Biochimica vegetale, Piccin Violante, Chimica del suolo e della Nutrizione delle Piante, Edagricole.
Hand-outs from lessons
Other references will be mentioned during the lectures.
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Dates of beginning and end of teaching activities
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From to |
Delivery mode
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Traditional
At a distance
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Attendance
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not mandatory
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Evaluation methods
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Oral exam
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Module: .
(objectives)
The main objective of the course is to provide the knowledge nedeed to understand the risks and consequences of the main threats of soil degradation of the forest environment or, more generally, of the slope. The basics of soil physics and hydrology will be provided, useful for understanding the mechanisms of erosion and other types of degradation such as compaction and desertification. The student will learn to interpret the soil maps and its derivatives, laying the foundations for a correct management and planning of the territory.
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Language
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ITA |
Type of certificate
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Profit certificate
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Credits
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6
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Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code
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AGR/14
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Contact Hours
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48
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Type of Activity
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Core compulsory activities
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Teacher
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Priori Simone
(syllabus)
- Elements of pedology: pedogenetic processes, soil profile and genetic horizons, forest humus classification - International classification of soils (WRB): diagnostic horizons, properties and diagnostic materials, reference groups (Reference Soil Groups), use of WRB keys for the classification of soils - Elements of soil physics: concepts and methods of measurement of texture, structure, bulk density, compaction, erodibility - Water-soil relationships: water flows in the soil, water retention curves, field capacity, wilting point, available water capacity (AWC), infiltration and permeability of soils, waterlogging and associated pedogenetic forms. Measurement and monitoring of water content and water tension in the field. - Soil degradation and main threats. Desertification - Water and wind erosion of the soil. Analysis of the causes and effects produced, predisposing factors. Main models for estimating water erosion (USLE, RUSLE) - Landscape interpretation: references to geomorphology, forms of slope and valley deposits, glacial and periglacial forms, kartsic forms, structural forms. Photointerpretation, digital terrain models. The physiographic units. - Soil mapping: Soil-landscape paradigm; hierarchy of pedo-landscapes. Taxonomic units and cartographic units, Criteria for the definition of cartographic units; The series, the type, the phase, the variants; The composite cartographic units; Cartographic units in small-scale surveys. Organization of work for soil survey and mapping - Principles of Land Evaluation: Land Capability (land use capacity) and the concept of Land Suitability (suitability of soils for specific crops). Land capability classification for forestry - Forest soils in the world and the main threats: effects of forest fires; effects of global warming on cryosols and histosols in tundra and alpine environments; land use change effects in soils with soft epipedon in steppe and prairie environments; effects of deforestation on tropical and sub-tropical soils. - Forest soils as historical archive of climate and past management: Reading of pedogenetic processes that are no longer active or of soil characteristics that indicate a particular event - From soil assessment to conservation and restoration: Principles and techniques of forest soil maintenance. Erosion protection after forest fires. Soil restoration operations after excavations and infrastructural works.
(reference books)
- Dispense fornite dal docente
- Basi di pedologia, Giacomo Certini & Fiorenzo Ugolini, Edagricole, 2010. - Fondamenti di pedologia, Carmelo Dazzi, Ed. Le Penseur, 2016.
- Soil Survey Division Staff - Key to soil taxonomy. USDA; scaricabile gratuitamente da https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/soils/survey/class/taxonomy/?cid=nrcs142p2_053580 - FAO - World Reference Base for Soil Resources; scaricabile gratuitamente da http://www.fao.org/3/a-i3794en.pdf) - Soil Survey Manual, USDA-Soil Science Division Staff; scaricabile gratuitamente da https://www.iec.cat/mapasols/DocuInteres/PDF/Llibre50.pdf - Linee guida dei metodi di rilevamento ed informatizzazione dei dati pedologici, Edoardo Costantini, Ministero delle Politiche Agricole Alimentari e Forestali; scaricabile gratuitamente da https://www.researchgate.net/publication/284991599_Il_rilevamento_dei_suoli
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Dates of beginning and end of teaching activities
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From to |
Delivery mode
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Traditional
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Attendance
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not mandatory
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Evaluation methods
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Oral exam
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