Thermodynamics and kinetics of catalytic reactions. Spontaneity of reactions, G and G0 '. Relationship between the G and Keq. Energy activation. Inorganic catalysts. Enzymatic proteins as catalysts: catalysis specificity. Kinetic Concepts: reaction order; reactions of first and second order, zero-order, mixed and pseudo-first order. Dimension of the kinetic constants. Relationship between Keq and k kinetics. Reversible reactions. Catalyzed reactions. Calculation of enzyme activity (IU, Katal, AS), with numerical exercises. Enzyme assay principles, enzymatic assays direct and indirect, continuous and discontinuous. Enzyme or metabolite valutation.
Enzyme kinetics. One substrate enzymatic reactions. The Michaelis-Menten equation: equilibrium hypothesis, irreversible equilibrium hypothesis, and stationary state hypothesis. The meaning of the parameters of the equation of Michaelis-Menten equation. MM linearizations equation: plot of Linewear-Burk, Eadie Hofstee, Hanes, direct linear plot. Nonlinear Regression. Statistical analysis of experimental data of an enzyme kinetic. Deviations from MichaelisMenten. Determination of Keq and the number of ligands, Scatchard graph.
Reversible and irreversible inhibition of enzyme activity: Competitive, non-competitive, mixed, uncompetitive . Two substrates in competition. Product inhibition. Irreversible inhibition: affinity markers and suicide inhibitors. Identification of inhibitors in enzyme substrates or commercial solutions. Inhibition by excess of substrate. Use of enzyme inhibitors in medicine and in the laboratory.
Enzymatic reactions with two substrates: ping-pong,. Sequential and random mechanism. Methods for the study of the reaction mechanism: isotope exchange equilibrium. Regulation long and short-term mechanisms: irreversible and reversible covalent. Regulating non-covalently. Allostery and allosteric enzymes. The Hill equation and the meaning of the number of Hill. The equation of Adair. The Monod-Wyman-Changeaux model. The Kosland-Nementy-Filmer model. Comparison between models. Examples of mechanisms of catalysis. New frontiers of biocatalysis.

Fundamental of Enzyme Kinetics. Athel Cornish-Bowden (Portland Press Ed.)
- Biocatalysis: from discovery to application. W.-D. Fessner (Springer Ed.)
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