Course
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Credits
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Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code
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Contact Hours
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Exercise Hours
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Laboratory Hours
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Personal Study Hours
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Type of Activity
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Optional materials and exam in a foreign language
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Language
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13692 -
INGEGNERIA GENETICA
(objectives)
a) OBIETTIVI FORMATIVI Il corso prevede l’approfondimento di tre tematiche di notevole interesse scientifico: 1) approfondimento dei strategie e metodiche di base di ingegneria genetica riguardanti la modifica in vitro di Dna e relativo clonaggio in sistemi procariotici 2) uso e strategie di clonaggio e modificazione di sequenze vitro-vivo in sistemi fungini 3) Impiego ed utilizzo di sistemi eucariotici superiori per il clonaggio e la modificazione di sequenze in vivo sia in sistemi cellulari che in organismi pluricellulari (transgenici) con approfondimento di sistemi per il bersagliamento genico (ricombinazione omologa, illegittima, sito specifica , CRISPRS )
b) RISULTATI DI APPRENDIMENTO ATTESI Conoscenza e capacità di comprensione (knowledge and ?understanding): Al termine delle attività formative gli studenti dovranno avere conoscenza approfondita delle genetiche e biochimiche delle strategie per il clonaggio dei geni e del loro studio, delle strategie per modificarli “in vivo” in un vastissimo panorama che va dai procarioti, eucarioti inferiori, eucarioti superiori. Il corso e’ volto a sviluppare negli studenti una visione di insieme e critica sui metodi piu’ adeguati per risolvere problematiche di clonaggio, studio e modificazione genica Conoscenza e capacità di comprensione applicate (applying knowledge ?and understanding): Durante il corso gli studenti saranno stimolati ad utilizzare le conoscenze acquisite per la loro applicazione a problemi specifici, come la progettazione di sequenze per PCR, per favorire la ricombinazione omologa, sito specifica etc.
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GUALANDI Giampiero
( syllabus)
Basic techniques in genetic engineering: - Extraction and purification of chromosomal and plasmid DNA - Properties and use of enzymes which metabolize DNA - Selection of "in vitro" recombinant DNA: chemical and genetic methods - Nucleic acids probes : choice, preparation and labelling - Technique for NA analysis: Southern and Northern Blots, restriction maps and deletions maps - Vectors and hosts for genomic or cDNA libraries - Screening of libraries : DNA/oligo probes, antibodies, subtraction libraries - Cloning by function, complementation, position, tagging. - mapping of structure/function of genomics clones - sub cloning and DNA sequencing - transcripts analysis and mapping - Mapping of regulative regions -"In vitro" mutagenesis - PCR: principle, recent developments and applications - Biotechnological applications
Gene transfer: -Scopes and analysis Cloning and gene transfer in fungi: - Mutants, biological cycles, sexual and parasexual in yeast and aspergillus. Complementation, mapping, recombination (mechanisms) - trasformation , vectors in yeast and functional elements of chromosome (ARS,CEN, TEL) Artificial chromosomes Plasmid 2 micron - Techniques for gene disruption and gene replacements in yeast - Gene cloning and trnasfer in aspergillus Higher eukaryotic systems - Cell cultures, mutants and markers for selection. Techniques for DNA delivering. - Animal viruses, genetic characteristics , derived vectors for reolicating plasmids and for trasduction: SV40, herpesvirus, AAV, retroviruses - Integration of vectors and delivered DNA: illegittimate recombination - Methods for tagging: selections, PCR. Use of site specific recombination. KO technology, CRISPR and RNA interference - Transgenic animals - General features and problem for gene therapy
( reference books)
T.Brown, Biotecnologie molecolari , Zanichelli - S.Kingsman e A.Kingsman, Ingegneria Genetica, Piccin ed. - S.Primerose, R.Twyman,B: Old, Ingegneria Genetica. Zanichelli - Reviews and scientific papers provided by the teacher
Slides available at the link: https://www.dropbox.com/s/z98dr3zcgj0pxlz/Ing%20Gen%20proc%208.pptx?dl=0
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6
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BIO/18
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48
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Core compulsory activities
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ITA |
13700 -
DIETETICA E ALIMENTI FUNZIONALI
(objectives)
Educational objectives
The aim of the course is to provide students with the information needed to understand the theoretical / practical bases of food science and, in particular, the evolution that this subject has undergone over the years. In fact it no longer deals only with satisfying the nutritional needs of the individual but tends to be a means for the prevention and treatment of some diseases. In this course then it will be about functional foods pointing out that part of the classic and modern diet and the experimental approaches that have allowed its evolution. Students will have to learn the meaning of functional foods and novel foods as well as learn which criteria and which technological approaches to use to improve food quality. Finally, the course aims to provide the basis for further in-depth studies in the field of foods and their effect on the human organism. The topics concerning nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics will also be addressed.
Expected learning outcomes
Knowledge and understanding: To have developed the knowledge of the principles of classic food science and some dietary principles. Furthermore, the relationship between diet and health should be clear in order to bring this knowledge into the process of food transformation and improvement. Have communication skills in the field of Food Science Ability to apply knowledge and understanding: the student should be able to use the knowledge acquired to work in the food industry and in particular in the field of functional foods. Making judgements: Being able to improve the quality of food and to identify new ingredients for the development and food with high health properties. Communication skills: The students' ability to talk, reason and discuss the questions raised during the lessons on the topics discussed will be stimulated. Learning skills: Being able to discuss scientific topics concerning food science also in its bio-medical applications and its implications in the food industry. This skill will be developed and tested by involving students in oral discussions in the classroom.
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MERENDINO Nicolo'
( syllabus)
- Composition of the human organism; - Study of the main nutrients and their health properties; - Calorimetry; measure of energy expenditure (direct and indirect calorimetry), energy requirement and its assessment, court-patient breathing; Basal and total metabolism; - Thermogenesis induced by diet; - The needs for energy and nutrients; - Nutrigenomics; - The cellular oxidation and antioxidants; - Applications of dietetics as a support of certain diseases; - Immunology and nutrition; Adverse reactions to foods (food intolerances and allergies); - Functional foods: Classification, method of study and new knowledge in this area.
( reference books)
Lecture notes. Siliprandi & Tettamanti; Biochimica Medica; Piccin Editori A. Mariani –Costantini; C. Cannella; G Tomassi/ Alimentazione e Nutrizione Umana. Il Pensiero Scientifico Editore Roma, 2006. Nino Carlo Battistini, Patrizia Pedrazzi Monica Prampolini, Curare con il cibo: Gli alimenti funzionali nella dietetica e nella dietoterapia. Livelli di Assunzione Raccomandati di Energia e Nutrienti, Società Italiana di Nutrizione Umana.
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6
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MED/49
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48
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Core compulsory activities
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ITA |
13702 -
STAGE
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2
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Other activities
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ITA |
17449 -
BIOLOGIA CELLULARE E DELLO SVILUPPO
(objectives)
knowledge and under-standing: Knowledge of the principles of cellular biology applied to the development biology. Knowledge of the principles of inter- and intra-cellular communication, of the main signal transduction pathways; Of molecular mechanisms in regulating the expression of genes development-related into: i) differentiation; ii) de-differentiation; iii) migration, and iv) cell survival. Embryonic and adult stem cells, regeneration. Applying knowledge and understanding: In addition to the knowledge acquired through the study of Cellular and Developmental Biology, students will understand and explore the applicative potential of matter in organ and tissue regeneration, stem cell and tumor differentiation control in the field of bioedicine and Translational medicine. Making judgements: The course offers links to other disciplines of the degree-course (molecular biology, biochemistry, bioinformatics, genetics and epigenetics) by providing an integrated, current and dynamic knowledge. It is capable of specific insights such as: 1) reading of scientific material obtained through research For keywords and also provided and shared with the learners on the google-drive site; 2) organized seminars; 3) Further integration of knowledge with optional exams in the II year course. These three points are thr complexity for achieving an interpretation of experimental results of cellular biology and development similar to those discussed in lesson. Communication skills: During the lessons students are invited to provide their opinion and study in groups to develop their communicative abilities. These skills are then verified at the end of the training activities. Learning skills: The students will need to be able to describe the scientific themes inherent in cell biology and development. This ability will be developed through the active involvement of students to deepen the knoledge of the course’s fields. The learners will be encouraged to report in the classroom (also in groups) topics related to the course. The involvement of students in improving the content of the course is a key element of training growth for the learner, but also for the teacher.
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ROMANO Nicla
( syllabus)
Overview of the fundamental aspects of cell and developmental biology, biological model sused. The differentiated stateof the cells: characterization. Function of genes in the processes of determination and differentiation: Equivalence of the genome of the different cell types. Development control at the level of chromatin organization, transcription, RNA maturation, maturation and transport of RNA, translation, maturation of proteins. Morphogenetic factors and their influence on gene expression: transcription factors and growth factors. Cellular interactions in development: embryonic induction, the role of the cell surface, the extracellular matrix and soluble co-factors, differential affinity of the cells in the development, intercellular recognition, receptors, cadherins. Inductors embryogenesis for primary, secondary, tertiary, etc. Control of the development for the distribution of gradients of morphogenetic factors in vertebrates. Grid’s development and activation of homeotic genes and differential gene expression. The homeotic selector genes in Drosophila and vertebrates, differentiated cells and maintenance of the differentiated state of tissue stem cells and differentiation potential. Examples of organogenesis and organ regeneration: development and differentiation of the axis and the limb, limb regeneration, development and regeneration of the tegument, regeneration and new medical technologies (medical aesthetics); development and regeneration of the eye, development and regeneration of the digestive system. Development and evolution of the hematopoietic system, heart and regeneration. Cloning procedures. Organization of tissue and stem cells: primary oocytes as cellular source for the treatment of infertility and tissue regeneration. Oncogenes, oncogenes, tumor suppressor cancer gene. The tumor cell migration through the tissues. Immunotherapies as new avantaments for cancer cure.
( reference books)
Books: S.F. Gilbert, “Biologia dello sviluppo”, Zanichelli (edizione più recente) - C. Lewin “Cellule”, Zanichelli Further references: - L. Wolpert, “Biologia dello sviluppo”, Zanichelli ed.; -Alberts B et al. Biologia molecolare della cellula Zanichelli ed
Slides and other materials are in English language, they are available in the Istitutional link of this course.
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6
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BIO/06
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48
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Core compulsory activities
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ITA |
17451 -
BIOLOGIA MOLECOLARE II
(objectives)
COURSE OBJECTIVES. The course aims to provide adequate knowledge for the understanding of the biochemical and molecular mechanisms responsible for extracellular signal transduction and possible connections between these events and nuclear dynamics. In addition, the mechanisms of regulation of gene expression in some model systems (lambda bacteriophage, GAL genes in S. cerevisiae, HIV virus, human beta-interferon gene) will be thoroughly analyzed, paying attention to possible evolutionary implications. Particular emphasis will be given to the post-transcriptional regulatory strategies in which non-coding RNAs are involved.
KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING. To acquire in-depth knowledge of protein-protein interactions (the basis of intracellular communication), and between nucleic acids and proteins (the basis of gene expression control). Owning up-to-date information on the role of catalytic and regulatory RNAs. APPLYING KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING. Being able to correlate the three-dimensional structure of proteins and nucleic acids with their biological functions. To possess the ability to translate the latest knowledge of molecular biology into some application areas, such as the medical one. MAKING JUDGEMENTS. To achieve a fuller understanding of the molecular mechanisms at the basis of life, along with the ability to discuss their role. To acquire the autonomy needed to align the gained scientific knowledge with advances in biological research. COMMUNICATION SKILLS. To demonstrate mastery of skills and knowing how to convey them adequately. To develop the ability to use the correct terminology. LEARNING SKILLS. To be able to grasp, rework and discuss the scientific issues dealt with in the lesson, including their applications.
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RINALDUCCI Sara
( syllabus)
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION: PATHWAYS REGULATING GENE EXPRESSION. Single-pass transmembrane receptors. Tyr-kinases. Adaptor proteins. Protein interaction domains (SH2, SH3, PTB, WW, PH, PDZ etc.). Transduction pathways from the membrane to the nucleus: Src, Ras, MAPKs, PI-3K proteins. TGF-beta/Smad signaling. Cytokine receptors and JAK/STAT pathway. Cell surface receptors with multiple membrane spanning segments. CREB activation, PKA and AMPc. Wnt/beta-catenin signaling. NFkB.
CONTROL OF GENE EXPRESSION. Details on gene regulation in bacteriophage lambda. Nucleosomes, histones and post-translational modifications (HATs, HDACs, HKMTs, PRMTs). Bromodomains, Chromodomains, PHD finger and TUDOR domains. Chromatin remodeling complexes. Repressors, activators: structural domains. The yeast GAL regulon. Sir proteins. Combinatorial control of the mating-type genes from yeast. HMG, nuclear non-histone proteins. IFN-beta gene and assembly of the enhanceosome. Molecular biology of HIV.
CATALYTIC AND REGULATORY RNAs. Introns of type I and II. Ribozymes and Riboswitches. RNA interference. siRNAs. The biogenesis and function of microRNAs. Drosha, Pasha, Dicer, the Argonaute proteins, RISC. rasiRNAs. Gene silencing, RITS. mirMASA technology.
( reference books)
Advised books: Biologia Molecolare della Cellula, Lodish et al., 2009-Zanichelli. Biologia Molecolare del Gene, Watson J.D. et al., sesta edizione, 2009-Zanichelli Geni e Segnali, Ptashne-Gann, 2004-Zanichelli Regolazione genica, Ptashne, 2006-Zanichelli Il Gene, Lewin et al., 2011-Zanichelli.
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6
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BIO/11
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48
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Core compulsory activities
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ITA |