Lecture I – Course Introduction
Notions of historical construction: materials, characteristics and techniques of construction
Architectural orders: origins and fortune
Introduction to practice: historical and critical analysis document (documentary chronology, analysis of the graphic and iconographic sources, and annotated bibliography). Illustration of a document prototype, of the method and of the pertinent research tools.

Lecture II
Carolingian and Ottonian Architecture (8th to 11th century)
Charlemagne’s Palatine complex in Aachen; the Lorsch Abbey; the Princely Abbey of Corvey; the Princely Abbey of Fulda. The oratory at Germigny-des-Prés (comparisons with Central-Italian derivations: San Vittore alle Chiuse in Genga, Santa Croce di Sassoferrato, Santa Maria delle Moje).
Saint Pantaleon Church in Cologne; Mainz Cathedral; St. Michael's Church, Hildesheim; Essen Abbey; St. Maria im Kapitol, Cologne; the Ottonian phase of Speyer Cathedral.
Romanesque Architecture (11th to 12th century)
Historical and socio-political context, general characteristics
France
The Romanesque in French pilgrimage churches on the Way of St. Jacques: Cluny II; Saint-Martin in Tours; Saint-Martial in Limoges; Saint-Sernin in Toulouse and St Jacques in Compostela
The Romanesque in the French regional schools: Normandy (Bernay Abbey, Jumièges Saint Etienne and Trinité Abbeys in Caen); Burgundy (Cluny; Saint-Philibert de Tournus; Vézelay Abbey); Auvergne (the Basilica of Notre-Dame-du-Port in Clermont-Ferrand, Saint-Front Cathedral of Perigueux, Angoulême Cathedral); Provence (the church of Saint-Trophime in Arles).
Germanic Countries
Trier Cathedral; Speyer Cathedral; Basilica of the Holy Apostles, Cologne, Worms Cathedral.
England
St. Albans, Norwich Cathedral, Durham Cathedral.
Italy
Basilica of Sant'Ambrogio, Milan; Sant’Abbondio in Como; Modena Cathedral; Saint Marc’s Basilica in Venice; Florence, Baptistery and Basilica of San Miniato al Monte; Pisa, Cathedral and Baptistery; Rome, St. Clement, Santa Maria in Cosmedin, Santa Maria in Trastevere; Civita Castellana Cathedral; Santa Maria Maggiore and San Pietro in Tuscania; Santa Maria di Portonovo in Ancona; Viterbo, Cathedral, Santa Maria Nuova and San Sisto; San Nicola of Bari; Trani Cathedral; Palermo, Palatine Chapel, Cathedral, San Giovanni degli Eremiti, Norman Palazzi (Zisa and Cuba); Cefalù Cathedral, Monreale Cathedral.

Lecture III
Gothic Architecture (12th to 13th century)
Background, socio-political and historical context, general characteristics
Early Gothic and the Île de France
Saint Denis Cathedral; Sens Cathedral; Noyon Cathedral; Laon Cathdral; Paris, Nôtre Dame Cathedral and Saint-Chapelle.
Cistercian Architecture
Fontenay Abbey, Ponigny Abbey, Italian examples (San Galgano Abbey, Fossanova Abbey, Casamari Abbey, Chiaravalle Abbey).
Mature Gothic Period
Chartres Cathedral, Reims Cathedral; Amiens Cathedral; Bourges Cathedral. Civil architecture, the Hôtel de Ville in Brussels, the Hôtel-Dieu in Tonnerre. The minor residential row typology and fortified architectures: Carcassonne and Aigues-Mortes.
England
Early English: Canterbury Cathedral; Lincoln Cathedral; Westminster Abbey.
Decorated: Salisbury Cathedral; Exeter Cathedral; York Cathedral.
Perpendicular: King’s College Chapel, Cambridge; St. George's Chapel at Windsor Castle, Gloucester Cathedral.
Holy Roman Empire
The first diffusion of Cistercian models; Maulbronn Abbey; Heisterbach Abbey.
Basel Minster.
Gothic diffusion: Liebfrauenkirche, Trier, Cologne Cathedral; Freiburg Minster.
Late Gothic: Stephansdom, Vienna.
The Parler family: Choir in St. Vitus Cathedral, Prague and St. Anne's Church, Annaberg-Buchholz.
Italy
Venice, Santa Maria Gloriosa dei Frari, the Basilica of Santi Giovanni e Paolo, palazzo Ducale; Milan Cathedral; palazzo pubblico of Piacenza; San Petronio in Bologna; Florence, Santa Croce; Santa Maria Novella and palazzo Vecchio; Siena Cathedral; St. Francis’ Basilica in Assisi; San Fortunato in Todi; Orvieto Cathedral; Santa Maria sopra Minerva in Rome; Castel del Monte and Frederician architecture.

Lecture IV
The Fifteenth century (part I)
Brunelleschi
Florence, the cupola of Santa Maria del Fiore, the Ospedale degli Innocenti, the Old Sacristy of San Lorenzo, the Basilica of San Lorenzo, Pazzi Chapel in Santa Croce, Basilica of Santo Spirito, the Rotonda degli Angeli, the Palazzo di Parte Guelfa, the Tribune Morte and the Lantern of the Chapel of Santa Maria del Fiore.
Michelozzo
Florence, Palazzo Medici, rotonda of the Santissima Annunziata Basilica
Leon Battista Alberti and the De re aedificatoria
Rimini, Malatesta Temple; Florence, palazzo Rucellai, the façade of Santa Maria Novella, the Rucellai Chapel in San Pancrazio; Mantua, San Sebastiano Church, Basilica of Sant’Andrea.

Lecture V
The Fifteenth century (part II)
Rome (Pope Nicholas V – Pope Alexander VI)
Nicholas V’s project for St Peter’s, Loggia of blessings in St. Peter’s, Palazzo Venezia, the palazzetto and the church of San Marco, Santa Maria del Popolo, Sant’Agostino, Santa Maria della Pace, Innocent VIII’s Belvedere, San Pietro in Montorio, palazzo della Cancelleria.
Florence and the Medicean Architecture of the second half of the XVth Century
Palazzo Pitti, palazzo Strozzi, the Sacristy of the Basilica of Santo Spirito, San Salvatore al Monte; Prato, Santa Maria delle Carceri; Poggio a Caiano, villa Medici.
Pienza: Cathedral and palazzo Piccolomini.
Cortona: Church of the Madonna del Calcinaio.
Urbino: palazzo Ducale, the Cathedral, San Bernardino.

Lecture VI
Monographic Seminar (part I)
Donato Bramante. His training and arrival in Milan
Lombard architecture in the second half of the fifteenth century. Filarete, the Solari, Dolcebuono and Leonardo da Vinci
Portinari Chapel in the Basilica of Sant’Eustorgio, Sforza castle, Bergamo Cathedral, the Ospedale Maggiore, San Pietro in Gessate, Filarete’s Treatise; Pavia; the Certosa and Cathedral; Bergamo, Colleoni Chapel; Leonardo’s projects for Central plan churches.
Bramante in Lombardy
Painted Architecture in the palazzo dei Podestà and in the Angelini house in Bergano, a hall in the Panigarola house in Milan; the Prevedari incision; Milan, church and sacristy of Santa Maria presso San Satiro, the tribune of Santa Maria delle Grazie, The canon’s building and the cloisters of Sant’Ambrogio; Pavia Cathedral; piazza di Vigevano; façade of the Basilica of Santa Maria Nascente in Abbiategrasso.

Lecture VII
Monographic Seminar (part II)
Bramante in Rome and in the Pontifical State
Rome, Cloister and Convent of Santa Maria della Pace, the palazzo of the Cardinal Adriano Castellesi from Corneto (Giraud-Torlonia) ), the cortile del Belvedere, the Coir of Santa Maria del Popolo, via Giulia, palazzo dei Tribunali and San Biagio Church, the minor Basilica of Santi Celso e Giuliano, the tempietto di San Pietro in Montorio, palazzo Caprini, projects for St Peter’s; Loreto, basilica of the Santa Casa and the palazzo Apostolico; measures for Rocca Albornoz in Viterbo.
Bramante’s Fortune

Lecture VIII – guided fieldtrip

Lecture IX
The Sixteenth Century (Part I)
St Peter’s Basilica after Bramante
Raphael’s projects and activities, Peruzzi and Antonio da Sangallo the Younger.
Raphael and Peruzzi
Rome, Chigi Chapel in Santa Maria del Popolo, Sant’Eligio degli Orefici, palazzo Alberini, palazzo Branconio dell’Aquila, villa Madama; palazzo Pandolfini in Florence; villa Chigi in via della Lungara, Ghisilardi Chapel in San Domenico in Bologna, palazzo Massimo alle Colonne.
Giulio Romano, Antonio da Sangallo the Elder and Antonio da Sangallo the Younger.
Rome, Giulio Romano’s house, villa Lante al Gianicolo, palazzo Stati Maccarani, palazzo Adimari Salviati; Mantua, palazzo Te, Cathedral, San Benedetto in Polirone, Giulio Romano’s house.
Montepulciano, Madonna di San Biagio; Civita Castellana, Fortress; Montefiascone, Rocca dei Papi.
Rome, palazzo Baldassini, palazzo Farnese, Santa Maria di Monserrato, Santo Spirito in Sassia, Santa Maria of Loreto, Papal Mint; Mint and projects for Castro.

Lecture X
The Sixteenth Century (part II)
Falconetto, Sanmicheli and Sansovino
Padua, loggia Cornaro; Verona, palazzo Bevilacqua, palazzo Canossa, porta Nuova, porta Palio, Madonna di Campagna; Orvieto, Petrucci Chapel in San Domenico; Montefiascone, Santa Margherita; Venice, palazzo Grimani, Marciana Library, the Loggetta del Sansovino, the Mint, palazzo Corner.
Michelangelo Architect
Florence, the new Sacristy in San Lorenzo, the Laurenziana Library; Rome, Campidoglio, additions to the palazzo Farnese, St Peter’s, projects for San Giovanni dei Fiorentini, porta Pia, Sforza Chapel in Santa Maria Maggiore, Santa Maria degli Angeli.
Palladio
Vicenza, palazzo Iseppo Porto, Basilica, palazzo Chiericati, palazzo Valmarana, loggia del Capitanio, teatro Olimpico; villa La Rotonda; villa Barbaro a Maser; Venice, San Giorgio Maggiore, Church of the Santissimo Redentore; The Four Books of Architecture.

Lecture XI
The Sixteenth Century (part III)
Vignola
Bologna, projects for St Petronius, palazzo Bocchi, the portico dei Banchi; Rome, villa Giulia and Sant’Andrea’s Church in via Flaminia, the façade of Santa Maria dell’Orto, the Church of the Gesù, Sant’Anna dei Palafrenieri; Caprarola, palazzo Farnese; Piacenza, palazzo Farnese; the Regola delli cinque ordini.
Roma in the second half of the Sixteenth Century
Villa d’Este in Tivoli; Rome, the casina Pio IV in the Vatican, the façade of the Church of the Gesù, Madonna dei Monti, San Paolo alle Tre Fontane, palazzo del Quirinale, San Salvatore in Lauro, palazzo Lateranense, the Fontana dell'Acqua Felice, Sistine Chapel in Santa Maria Maggiore, San Giacomo degli Incurabili.

Lecture XII – Guided Fieldtrip

Lecture XIII
The Seventeenth Century (part I)
The Architecture of the first decades of the seventeenth century in Rome
Completion of St Peter’s, the façade of The Church of Saint Susanna, palazzo Barberini, palazzo Borghese.
Bernini Architect
Santa Bibiana (façade), St. Peter's Baldachin, Tritone fountain, the Cornaro Chapel in Santa Maria della Vittoria, palazzo Ludovisi, palazzo Chigi-Odescalchi, Sant’Andrea al Quirinale, St Peter’s colonnade, fontana dei Fiumi in piazza Navona; San Tommaso in Castel Gandolfo; Santa Maria Assunta in Ariccia; projects for the Louvre in Paris.
Borromini
San Carlino, the Oratorio dei Filippini, Sant’Ivo alla Sapienza, Sant’Agnese in Agone, Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran, the Church of Santa Maria dei Sette Dolori, the completion of Sant’Andrea delle Fratte, palazzo di Propaganda Fide.

Lecture XIV
The Seventeenth Century (part II)
Pietro da Cortona Architect
Rome, the Church of Santi Luca e Martina, the villa Sacchetti al Pigneto, Santa Maria della Pace, Santa Maria in Via Lata.
Carlo Rainaldi, Carlo Fontana, Giovanni Antonio De Rossi
Churches in piazza del Popolo, Santa Maria in Campitelli, the façade of San Marcello al Corso, the completion of palazzo Ludovisi a Montecitorio, project for the completion of Piazza San Pietro, the project for a Church in the Colosseum; palazzo D’Aste.
Naples and Venice
Naples, the certosa di San Martino, San Giuseppe delle Scalze in Pontecorvo; Venice, Santa Maria della Salute.
Guarino Guarini
Project for Santa Maria della Divina Providenca in Lisbon; Messina, Church for the Somaschi Fathers; Turin, San Lorenzo, The Chapel of the Holy Shroud.

Lecture XV – guided fieldtrip

Lecture XVI
The Eighteenth Century
Rome in the First Decades of the Eighteenth Century
The Porto di Ripetta, the Spanish Steps, piazza di Sant’Ignazio, Santa Maria Maddalena, Church of the Holy Rosary in Marino, the façade of palazzo Doria al Corso; the Architecture of the Arcadia, projects and realization of the façade of the Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran; Tuscia, Contini’s works at Vetralla, Barigioni’s works in Nepi.
Filippo Juvarra
Turin: the basilica of Superga, palazzo Madama, Church of the Carmine; the Stupinigi complex.
Luigi Vanvitelli, Ferdinando Fuga and Nicola Salvi: between Rome and Southern Italy.
The Royal Palace of Caserta, the Church of The Santissima Annunziata Maggiore in Naples; Rome, palazzo della Consulta, the Church of St. Mary of the Oration and Death; the Real Albergo dei Poveri in Naples; Trevi Fountain in Rome.

Essential Bibliography
- Lineamenti di storia dell’architettura, a cura di L. Bartolini Salimbeni et al., Roma 1994 (for the Middle Ages and as an introduction to later periods).
- Storia dell’architettura italiana. Il Quattrocento, a cura di F. P. Fiore, Milano 1998.
- W. LOTZ, Architettura in Italia 1500-1600, a cura di D. Howard, Milano 1997.
- R. WITTKOWER, Arte e architettura in Italia 1600-1750, Torino 1993.

Further Reading

J. S. ACKERMAN, The Architecture of Michelangelo, Chicago 1986.
G. C. ARGAN, B. CONTARDI, Michelangelo architetto, Milano 1990.
Antonio da Sangallo il Giovane. La vita e l’opera, Atti del XXII Congresso di Storia dell’Architettura (Roma, 19-21 febbraio 1986), Roma 1986.
R. BONELLI, C. BOZZONI, V. FRANCHETTI PARDO, Storia dell'architettura medievale, Roma-Bari 1997.
A. BRUSCHI, Filippo Brunelleschi, Milano 2006.
A. BRUSCHI, Bramante, Bari 1998 (updated edition).
D. R. COFFIN, Pirro Ligorio. The Renaissance Artist, Architect and Antiquarian; with a Checklist of Drawings, University Park, Penn. 2004.
J. CONNORS, Borromini e l'Oratorio romano, Torino 1989.
Baldassarre Peruzzi 1481-1536, a cura di C. L. Frommel et. al., Venezia 2005.
F. P. FIORE, Leon Battista Alberti, Milano 2012.
C. L. FROMMEL, S. RAY, M. TAFURI, Raffaello architetto, Milano 1984.
Palladio, a cura di G. Beltramini, H. Burns, (Catalogue of the exhibition, Vicenza-London 2008-09), Venezia 2008.
E. H. GOMBRICH, Giulio Romano, Milano 1989.
H. HIBBARD, Carlo Maderno, trad. it. a cura di A. Scotti, Milano 2001.
R. KRAUTHEIMER, Roma di Alessandro VII, 1655-1667, Roma 1987.
T. A. MARDER, Gian Lorenzo Bernini, Milano 1998.
J. M. MERZ, Pietro da Cortona and Roman Baroque Architecture, New Haven, Conn. 2008.
P. PORTOGHESI, Francesco Borromini: la vita e le opere, Milano 2019 (ed. aggiornata, 1° ed. 1984)
Storia dell'architettura italiana. Il primo Cinquecento, a cura di A. Bruschi, Milano 2002.
Storia dell'architettura italiana. Il secondo Cinquecento, a cura di C. Conforti, R. J. Tuttle, Milano 2001.
Storia dell’architettura italiana. Il Seicento, a cura di A. Scotti Tosini, 2 voll., Milano 2003.
Storia dell’architettura italiana. Il Settecento, a cura di G. Curcio, E. Kieven, Milano 2000.
Vignola, a cura di R. J. Tuttle et. al., (catalogo della mostra, Vignola 2002), Milano 2002.

Further bibliographical guidance shall be given during the course.