Teacher
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pasqualetti Marcella
(syllabus)
Introduction to the course. Peculiarities of plant organisms. Autotrophic and heterotrophic organisms. Prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Cell theory. Evolution of the eukaryotic cell (endosymbiosis). The plant cell: plasma membrane, cytoskeleton, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, secretory pathways. Vacuoles. Cell wall. Plastids. Cell differentiation and growth. Plant tissues: structure and function. Primary and secondary meristematic tissues. Parenchymatic tegumental, mechanical, conductor and secretory tissues. Plant anatomy. The stem structure and function. Apical bud, cell differentiation. Primary structure: Dicotyledonous and Monocotyledonous. Differentiation of the cribro-vascular exchange (secondary meristem), secondary structure, fellogeno and felloderma. The root structure and function, primary and secondary structure, lateral and adventitious roots. Absorption of water and mineral salts. The leaf structure and function; stomatal anatomy and control of stomatal aperture. Vegetative propagation, asexual and sexual reproduction. Life cycles: haplont, diplont, the haplo-diplont cycle of plants. Microsporogenesis and microgametogenesis, macrosporogenesis and macrogametogenesis. The flower: the gynaeceum and the androecium; evolutionary aspects. Reproductive strategies: anemophilous and entomophilous pollination. Fertilization, development of the fruit. The seed and their dissemination. Plant diversity, concepts of systematics, taxonomy and nomenclature. Main morphological, biological, phylogenetic and ecological aspects of Algae (Cianophyta, Glaucophyta, Euglenophyta, Cryptophyta, Haptophyta, Dinophyta, Rhodophyta, Chlorophyta, Streptophyta, Eterokontophyta), Bryophyta, Psilophyta, Lycophyta, Sphaenophyta, Pteridophyta, Coniferophyta, Ginkgophyta, Cycadophyta, Gnetophyta, Anthophyta (Dicotyledonous and Monocotyledonous). Fungi: Chytridiomycota, ex-Zygomycota, Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Glomeromycota, mitosporic fungi. Photosynthesis (C3, C4, CAM), photorespiration.
(reference books)
Pasqua, G., Abbate, G., Forni, C., & Acosta, A. T. (2011). Botanica generale e diversità vegetale. Piccin.
Ray F Evert Susan E Eichhorn. Biologia delle piante di Raven. (2013). Settima edizione italiana condotta sull'ottava edizione americana.Trad. di A. Virzo, V. Vona, R. Castaldo, A. Basile, C. Rigano, D. Rigano, R. Nazzaro, P. Caputo, A. Pollio, G. Siniscalco Gigliano, V. Spagnuolo. Zanichelli.
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