The fundamental stages of the European integration process, starting with the Schuman Declaration of 1950 and the birth of the European Communities (1957 Rome Treaties); the subsequent treaties; the first direct election of the European Parliament (1979); the birth of the Euro; transformation into the European Union (1992); the 2007 Lisbon Treaty; the protagonists of the history of European integration; the role of the EU in the political and economic development of the European continent; the development of the Union institutions; the originality of the European Union in the panorama of contemporary institutions.

For the institutional part: Leonardo Rapone, Storia dell'integrazione europea, Carocci editore, Roma 2016, l'intero volume (pp. 1-198).
For the monographic part, a text chosen from the following:
- A. Spinelli, E. Rossi, Il Manifesto di Ventotene, prefazione di E. Colorni, Mondadori, Milano 2006 (ISBN 9788804557920), pp. 240;
- M. Caciagli, Regioni d'Europa. Devoluzioni, regionalismi, integrazione europea, Il Mulino, Bologna 2006 (ISBN 8815109374), pp. 229;
- J. Ziller, La nuova Costituzione europea, Il Mulino, Bologna, 2003 (ISBN 8815098135), pp. 202;
- The monographic issue of the magazine "Officina della storia", n. 18/2017 published on the occasion of the 60th anniversary of the Treaties of Rome, "L’integrazione europea tra crisi e rilanci", a cura di Sante Cruciani e Giovanna Tosatti, available online at https://www.officinadellastoria.eu/