Catalisi e Biocatalisi industriale |
Code
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18438 |
Language
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ITA |
Type of certificate
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Profit certificate
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Module:
(objectives)
This course aims to provide students with the general concepts related to the chemical aspects of catalysis and its applications in the biological and biotechnological fields. Starting from the fundamental aspects of chemical kinetics, a path will be developed which will result in the student being able to discuss the reaction mechanism of some processes of biotechnological interest, identifying the possible catalytic nature of the same and critically discussing the various phases and possible industrial applications.
1) Knowledge and understanding: acquisition by the student of specific contents relating to: i) general principles of chemical kinetics and catalysis; ii) identification of catalytic processes of biotechnological interest, with detailed description of the various phases; iii) placement of the systems studied in the more general context of catalysis and industrial biocatalysis. 2) Ability to apply knowledge and understanding: the student's ability to analyze, in the light of the knowledge acquired, the possible interest, even on a large scale, of a catalytic process, both natural and summary, critically examining the various phases and any application objectives. 3) Making judgments; the teaching will provide the student with the ability to work independently in judgment, also through critical consultation and comparison of teaching materials of various types. In any case, the ability of the individual to interact critically with the other components of a homogeneous class will be developed, stimulating in particular the interaction between the components of the same. 4) Communication skills: the student who attends the course will be continuously asked to illustrate, also through audiovisual techniques, the progress made in the study of the discipline and in the learning of the presented concepts. The teacher will also stimulate the discussion also through an exchange of opinions between the attending students, who will thus become an active part in the process of communication and elaboration of the individual. 5) Ability to learn (learning skills): it will be constantly stimulated also through the administration of tests and exercises to be performed autonomously, with the aim of restoring the results and comparing them with those obtained by students attending the same class. Class exercises and simulations of the final test will also be carried out.
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Language
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ITA |
Type of certificate
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Profit certificate
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Credits
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3
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Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code
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CHIM/03
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Contact Hours
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24
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Type of Activity
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Related or supplementary learning activities
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Teacher
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GRANDINETTI Felice
(syllabus)
Chemical kinetics: general concepts. The speed of chemical reactions: formulation and physical meaning. Factors that influence the speed of chemical reactions: concentration of reagents, temperature, catalysts. Effect of the concentration of the reactants on the reaction rate: kinetic equation, speed constant, reaction order. Determination of the kinetic equation in terms of reaction orders and speed constant. Reactions of the first and second order, zero-order reactions. Half-life. Relation between velocity constants and thermodynamic constants. Physical meaning of the velocity constant and its temperature dependence. The Arrhenius equation. Pre-exponential factor and activation energy. Reaction mechanisms: general concepts. Elementary stages and molecularity. Kinetic equations for the elementary stages. Reaction mechanisms and kinetic equations. Catalysis: general concepts. Catalysts and reaction rates. Examples of industrial, biological and environmental interest. Heterogeneous catalysis: nature of the catalyst, chemical and physical characterization, mode of action. Homogeneous catalysis: general concepts and examples. The mechanisms of homogeneous catalysis: covalent catalysis, acid-base catalysis, catalysis from metal ions, micellar catalysis. Catalysis in biological systems. Definition of enzyme catalysis. The concepts listed above will be explained and illustrated also through numerical exercises and graphic processing methods. Students are therefore advised to provide themselves with a calculator and what is necessary for the representation and processing of graphs (graph paper, ruler, stationery).
(reference books)
1) AA, VV., General and Inorganic Chemistry, Edi-Ermes, Milan, Chapter 14, Chemical Kinetics; 2) Material prepared by the teacher in the form of notes and directly provided to the students, together with articles taken from the literature.
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Dates of beginning and end of teaching activities
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From 28/09/2020 to 15/01/2021 |
Delivery mode
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Traditional
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Attendance
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not mandatory
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Evaluation methods
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Oral exam
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Module:
(objectives)
Knowledge and understanding The course aims to provide students with the theoretical and application bases related to the use of biocatalytic systems applied to various industrial sectors. A broad overview is offered of processes assisted by biocatalysts characterized by real commercial relevance
Ability to apply knowledge and understanding The student will acquire from the course the guidelines in the selection of the catalyst, of the possible immobilization method and of the most suitable reactor configuration for the target application. Furthermore, he will be in possession of elements that allow him to make a targeted choice between possible alternative commercial formulations containing the enzyme in question, based on information provided by the manufacturer and the scientific literature.
Expected learning outcomes Basic knowledge of current applications of enzymes in the free or immobilized form in industrial biocatalysis.
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Language
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ITA |
Type of certificate
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Profit certificate
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Credits
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3
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Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code
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AGR/13
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Contact Hours
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24
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Type of Activity
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Related or supplementary learning activities
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Teacher
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D'ANNIBALE Alessandro
(syllabus)
Industrial enzymology: Sources available for the extraction of enzymes (animal, plant and microbial sources); production and purification of enzymes on an industrial scale. Propulsive factors of biocatalysis in the industrial sector (emblematic case studies: phytase and glucose isomerase) - Market analysis of industrial enzymes and impact on various sectors - Economic considerations and the role of biocatalysis in the sustainability of industrial processes (process/product changes, environmental impact, energy consumption). Stability and stabilization of enzymes of industrial interest - Enzymatic immobilization - Carrier-dependent enzyme immobilization techniques - Conventional, mesoporous, and nano-material supports - Carrier-free immobilization techniques - Physico-chemical, kinetic and operational characteristics of immobilized enzyme preparations. Scaling-up of the immobilization process. Bioreactors with free and immobilized enzymes (reactor types and operational conditions). General issues related to the use of soluble and immobilized enzymes. Biocatalysis in aqueous systems and in organic solvents. Industrial application sectors of biocatalysis: Food industry (use of enzymes in the dairy, bakery, beverage production), textiles (biostone-washing, desizing, bioscouring), paper (bleach-boosting and deinking), tanning (use of hydrolases in the operations "a la riviere"), pharmaceutical (chiral synthones and pro-drug ), biofuels (enzymatic saccharification of first and second-generation matrices, enzymatic transesterification). Use of enzymatic additives in the detergent sector. Enzymes in personal care products and cosmetics.
(reference books)
Articles, reviews on specific topics and teaching material made available through the Moodle platform - Andrés Illanes "Enzyme Biocatalysis. Principles and Application" Springer (2008) - A. Liese, K. Seelbach, C. Wandrey "Industrial Biotransformations" Wiley (2006).
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Dates of beginning and end of teaching activities
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From 28/09/2020 to 15/01/2021 |
Delivery mode
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Traditional
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Attendance
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not mandatory
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Evaluation methods
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Oral exam
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