Teacher
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MAZZAGLIA Angelo
(syllabus)
Introduction to the course, historical notes and examples of invasive organisms with significant economic and social impact. Concept of phytosanitary emergency. Concept of alien or invasive organism. Main causes of phytosanitary emergencies: climate change and its impact on the environment, the host plant and the invasive organism; natural spread and voluntary and involuntary anthropogenic diffusion of invasive organisms; effect of the management changes in agriculture and in the forest environment. Recall of the basic concepts of plant and forest pathology: disease, damage, injury; the disease triangle; the classification of diseases. Recall of the main notions related to the biology of the fungi that are causal agents of phytosanitary emergencies. The invasive process and the epidemiology of the causal agents of phytosanitary emergencies: transport, establishment, spread and impact. Forecast models of spread. The diagnostic process in phytosanitary emergencies: immunological (ELISA, Lateral Flow Assay, etc.) and molecular (standard and real time PCR, PCR applications for the diagnosis and characterization of pathogens and parasites) methods; outline of the use of bioinformatics for the characterization of pathogens. Management of phytosanitary emergencies: Pre-introduction strategies to limit the entry of invading phytopathogenic organisms into exempt territories. Phytosanitary barriers at the borders: how the phytosanitary services are organized at regional and national level; the European Plant Protection Organization (EPPO), Lists A1 and A2; the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC). The Pest Risk Assessment (PRA). Post-introduction strategies: eradication and containment measures. National and European phytosanitary legislation. Phytosanitary emergencies (case studies): - bark chestnut canker by Cryphonectria parasitica; - conifers root rot by Heterobasidion annosum s.l .; - Sudden death of the oak by Phytophthora ramorum - Resinous pine canker by Gibberella Cincinnati - poplar rust by Melampsora medusae - Eastern filbert blight by Anisogramma anomala;
(reference books)
Books: - Parassiti delle piante arboreee forestali ed ornamentali. Specie introdotte e di temuta introduzione, Panconesi A., Moricca S., Ragazzi A., Dellavalle I., Tiberi R. Patron Editore - Fondamenti di Patologia Vegetale, Matta A., Patron Editore
On Google Classrom the teacher will provide: - PowerPoint presentations of lectures with graphic illustrations, photos, video and animations; - insights and examples of specific topics related to lectures; - a selection of related scientific literature; - exchange of information with the teacher.
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