Teacher
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MATTEI Vincenzo
(syllabus)
THE BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES Weak bonds and their role for the stability of biological macromolecules. Water: chemical characteristics and biological importance Biological molecules: monosaccharides - reserve and structural carbohydrates lipids nucleotides - notes on the structure of nucleic acids amino acids - proteins: structural organization and function
STRUCTURE OF NUCLEIC ACIDS AND DNA REPLICATION notes on DNA replication and repair. From DNA to proteins: mechanisms of DNA transcription and translation.
EVOLUTION OF THE CELL Levels of organization and characteristics of living organisms. Prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Hypothesis on the origins of life. Characteristics of animal, plant, bacterial and virus cells.
THE PLASMATIC MEMBRANE The plasma membrane (properties and functions). The membrane potential. Electrochemical gradient. Osmosis. Transport of substances through membranes: Diffusion, passive and active transport. Sodium - potassium pump. Endocytosis and exocytosis.
FINE STRUCTURE OF THE EUKARYOTIC CELL Membranous systems (endoplasmic reticles and ribosomes, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, peroxisomes) mitochondria (function and morphology) Notes on chloroplasts Nuclear compartment (cariotheca, nucleolus, chromosomes): Cytoskeleton (microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments)
THE CELL CYCLE The phases of the cell cycle. Mitosis.
Meiosis: general description - differences between meiosis and Crossing-over mitosis - Gametogenesis -egg and sperm cell - Fertilization - Acrosomal process - Embryogenesis - Cell development and differentiation: model organisms - Stem cells
INHERITANCE (MENDEL’S LAWS) Notes on Mendel's laws: purity of gametes, segregation, independence. Chance. Dominance relations: multiple alleles; Genotype and environment: penetrance, expressiveness.
LABORATORY ACTIVITIES Basic knowledge of the research laboratory Immortalized cell cultures and primary cells. Cell study methods (optical microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry). Pollen: the aerobiological monitoring center. Molecular biology techniques: DNA extraction and PCR
(reference books)
Tutte le slides utilizzate durante le lezioni sono disponibili presso la segreteria di Scienze della Monatagna - Polo di Rieti. Il libro sotto indicato è suggerito come esempio ma gli studenti possono comunque utilizzare anche altri testi di livello universitario. Il testo consigliato è disponibile e consultabile presso la biblioteca del Polo di Rieti “Sabina Universitas” - Bruce Alberts et al. Zanichelli Editore: L’essenziale di biologia molecolare della cellula. quarta edizione
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