Teacher
|
DI MATTIA Elena
(syllabus)
Definition and aims of Forest Microbiology. Ultrastructure of prokaryotic cell and nutritional types. The transformation of energetic sources in the prokaryotic cell by fermentation and respiratory process (aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration). Physiology of microbial growth (batch growth, and continuous culture), growth under environmental conditions of nutrient limitation, biofilm growth and control of the biofilm formation. Microbial soil monitoring: microbial counting methods, ecophysiological characterization and biodiversity assessment of microbial communities by molecular techniques. Microbial Ecology: positive and negative relations between different microorganisms, r/K dominance in the microbial successional dynamics and priming effect of Soil Organic Matter (SOM). Microbial ecology in biogeochemical cycling of SOM decomposition, mineralization, humification and methanogenesis. Microbial ecology of bacterial nitrifiers (Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter), nitrogen-fixing bacteria, denitrifying and ammonifying bacteria. Plant residues and litter waste for green composting by soil microbiome. Microbiology of rhizosphere: microbial colonization of ectorhizosphere and biofilm on rhizoplane, rhizospheric index (R/S) and relation between plant-microorganisms and forest environment; Biological Nitrogen Fixation and free-living diazotrophic bacteria, free-living diazotrophic associative bacteria and diazotrophic symbiontic bacteria. Beneficial Bacteria: The Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR), facultative and beneficial plant microbial Endophytes, Mycorrhiza (ectomycorrhizal fungi and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi). Forest diazotrophic symbiosis: Frankia symbiosis and actinorhizal plants, Frankia in walnut plantations both pure and mixed to accessory trees (Alnus); Rhizobium and tree perennial legumes symbiosis (nodulation, symbiosomes and plant inoculation with effective Rhizobium strains). Strains isolation and characterization, management of rhizobial inoculant and/or actinorhizal inocula (concept of edaphic adaptation). Application and management of forest soil microorganisms: use of microbial inocula for conservation, rehabilitation and restauration of degraded forest environments.
(reference books)
Microbiologia Agroambientale (a cura di B.Biavati, C. Sorlini), CEA Edizione 2008 ISBN 978-88-408-1383-7. Seconda Edizione CEA-ZANICHELLI ISBN 978-8808-18054-4. Il docente fornirà dispense e articoli scientifici in consultazione per inquadrare il ruolo della microbiologia forestale nella filiera applicativa del restauro ambientale.
|